Respiratory System
This organ connects the mouth to the lungs so gas exchange can occur between the environment and human body.
What is the trachea? "Windpipe"
Made up of cardiac muscle, this organ is responsible for moving nutrients throughout the body to supply cells with things to make ATP.
What is the heart?
The function of the intestines is to. . .
What is to absorb nutrients so that cells can complete life functions.
Feedback mechanisms are used to return the body to a constant internal environment. These conditions in the human body are known as. . .
What is Homeostasis.
Define passive and active transport. . .
Passive --> Movement of molecules from areas of high to low concentrations without ATP (gas exchange, blood glucose regulation)
Active --> Movement of molecules from low to high using ATP (Neuron sending signals)
These gases are exchanged between the respiratory system and the environment.
What are oxygen and carbon dioxide?
The function of the circulatory system is to. . .
Move blood with nutrients and wastes in arteries away from the heart to muscles to make ATP and move wastes back to the lungs and other parts of the body to be removed in veins.
An example of physical digestion. . .
What is:
- Peristalsis (smooth muscle contractions in organs)
- Chewing (tearing and shredding food)
Gas exchange maintains balance in the human body between oxygen and carbon dioxide. As exercise increases, gas exchange rates tend to. . .
What is increase?
- This allows nutrients to get to cells quicker, removal of CO2 quicker, and increase intake of O2.
- A measure of how close results are to an expected or correct outcome.
These pockets in the lungs are where diffusion occurs to exchange gasses.
What are the alveoli?
This mesh of blood vessels connects to organs in the human body to allow the exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and organs.
What are capillaries?
A study showed an increase in the amount of the enzyme pepsin in stomach acid shortly after someone ate a meal. Scientists observed an increase in the amount of small proteins in the blood soon after as well. Hypothesize why you think small proteins would increase after being exposed to pepsin.
Large proteins are being digested by pepsin into smaller ones.
When blood glucose levels rise, this organ releases a hormone that decreases these levels to reach the setpoint. This hormone is not produced in type I diabetics.
What is insulin?
Precision is defined as. . .
- A measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another
- Highly reproducible even if measurements are not near correct value.
Secondhand smoking can negatively impact respiratory tissue in the human body if exposed to it long enough. Overtime the amount of gas exchange that could occur in the human body . . .
Would decrease due to damaged alveoli.
The circulatory system can pump blood with nutrients and wastes around the body faster to maintain proper molecule balances and make energy at cells.
Chemical digestion is completed by these molecules throughout the human body in saliva and stomach acid.
What are enzymes
As the body temperature fluctuates above or below 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees C) it responds using this feedback mechanism where the brain sends signals to specific glands near the surface of the skin or muscles in the body to return to the set point of 98.6 degrees F.
What is thermoregulation?
All living things are organized. What is the right sequence of organization for the following terms:
Organelles, organs, tissues, organ systems, organism, cells
What is:
Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism
Hypoxia is defined as having too little oxygen throughout the body or in a localized are in the body. Describe what may happen if someone had hypoxia localized to their lungs.
The lung tissues and cells may not be able to function as well because they do not have proper nutrients to function and complete life functions.
Heart cells have been observed to have more mitochondria in the cardiac tissue than other cells in the body. Why?
The heart needs to make more energy than other cells in order to complete life functions.
The cell membrane is semipermeable because. . .
It only allows specific molecules (nutrients) into the cell and specific molecules out of the cell (wastes). The molecules that can easily pass through are small and nonpolar.
- starch and glycogen are too large to enter
- glucose and small proteins can easily diffuse
A negative feedback mechanism or loop. . .
Returns the body back to a specific set point to maintain homeostasis.
- blood glucose regulation, thermoregulation, gas exchange.
These molecules are found on the surface of the cell membrane and accept other molecules leading to a response. An example of this class of molecule is seen during blood glucose regulation, insulin binds to one of these specific molecules.
What are receptor proteins (insulin receptor)?