Gas Exchange
Which system is responsible for exchanging gases between the environment and the human body?
What is the respiratory system.
Provide the definition and an example of physical digestion.
a. The physical breaking down or shredding of food using body parts.
b. Chewing or Peristalsis
This organelle separates the internal environment of the cell from the external environment. It is composed of phospholipids.
What is the cell membrane.
The ability to regulate and maintain a constant internal environment.
What is homeostasis.
This organelle accepts oxygen and glucose to complete cellular respiration in cells so they can complete life functions.
What is the mitochondria
This system transport oxygen and glucose to and from cells as well as carbon dioxide to help maintain homeostasis.
What is the circulatory system.
Provide the definition of and an example of chemical digestion.
a. The breaking of chemical bonds in foods to digest them into their building blocks
b. Enzymes, saliva (amylase), stomach acid
The movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy.
What is passive transport.
An environmental condition that causes a living organism to respond.
What is a stimulus.
This organ is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels because of the hormone it produces.
What is the pancreas.
These cells are where gas exchange occurs between the lungs and the capillaries.
What are alveoli.
Large carbohydrates, like starch are digested into its building blocks so cells can absorb them. What building blocks are absorbed by cells when carbohydrates are broken down?
What is glucose.
The movement of molecules from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration with the use of ATP.
What is active transport.
The ability to pass on genetic information from parents to offspring. This can lead to evolution of species over a long period of time.
What is reproduction?
The cell membrane are composed of these lipid molecules that give it its unique property.
What are phospholipids.
As exercise increases _____________ _____________ and _________________ _________________ increase in order to help move blood with oxygen and nutrients to muscles.
Pulse rate and Respiration rate.
Describe what happens to food after you eat a meal.
After eating you physically and chemically digest food in your mouth to break down into smaller pieces. The food is then swallowed and transported down the esophagus into the stomach where more chemical digestion takes place. From there, food is brought to the small intestines and the large intestines where absorption of vitamins and other nutrients occurs.
The property of the cell membrane that allows specific molecules into or out of the cell. This allows the cell to remain in dynamic equilibrium so the cell can continuously function.
What is semipermeability.
Organize the following from smallest unit of life to largest:
large intestine; digestive system; epithelial cell; intestinal tissue; human
What is:
Epithelial cell; intestinal tissue; large intestine; digestive system; human.
Type I diabetics cannot produce insulin or enough insulin in the pancreas. This causes their blood sugar to continuously rise and stay at a high level which can damage arteries, veins, and other tissues in the body.
Describe the pathway that:
a. Oxygen takes in order to make it to cells
b. Carbon Dioxide takes to leave the body
a. during inhalation oxygen travels through the trachea to the lungs where it then diffuses from the alveoli into the capillaries. Arteries then carry oxygen to cells to complete respiration.
b. carbon dioxide is a byproduct of respiration and exits through the cell membrane into the veins where it is transported back to the lungs to be exhaled.
As starch is digested into glucose, blood sugar levels increase in the body. Describe the negative feedback loop that occurs to regulate blood sugar.
The pancreas produces and releases insulin into the blood stream where it makes its way to cells. Once there, the insulin binds to the insulin receptor to open the glucose channel protein allowing glucose to enter cells.
Embedded in the cell membrane are different types of proteins, can you provide an example and function of one of these proteins?
a. Receptor proteins. These proteins interact with specific molecules and bind to them causing different reactions in the cell.
b. Channel proteins. These proteins act as tunnels in the cell membrane and help transport specific molecules into or out of the cell.
The ability to respond to a stimulus to return the body to a set point. Examples include thermoregulation, gas exchange, and blood glucose regulation.
What is a negative feedback mechanism.
What are the 4 biomolecules?
Lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins.