Congress & Representation
Elections & Campaigns
Political Parties
Media
SCOTUS FRQ
100

Who are the people represented by members of Congress?

Constituents

100

What is one common reason for low voter turnout in the U.S.?

Voter registration requirements, voter apathy, or too busy.

100

What document is it called that outlines a political party’s principles, agenda, and policy goals?  

Party platform

100

According to data and research most Americans are receiving their news from what specific type of media?

Social Media

100

Identify: What SCOTUS case limited the use of racial gerrymandering under the Equal Protection Clause? 

Shaw v. Reno (1993)

200

What is the process of distributing seats in the House of Representatives based on population?

Apportionment

200

Which amendment lowered the voting age to 18?

26th Amendment

200

What is the difference between straight-ticket and split-ticket voting?

Straight = all one party; Split = mix of parties.

200

Media’s power to shape which issues the public focuses on.

Agenda setting

200

Define: What is a “SuperPAC”? 

An organization that can raise unlimited funds to support candidates independently.  

300

What is the process of redrawing congressional district boundaries after each census?

Redistricting

300

Which amendment banned poll taxes in federal elections?

24th Amendment

300

What is it called when voters switch their party loyalty, often during a critical election?

Realignment

300

What term describes when journalists focus on polling and strategy rather than policy?

Horse-race journalism

300

Describe: How did Citizens United v. FEC change the role of money in campaigns?

It allowed unlimited independent expenditures by corporations and unions, leading to SuperPACs.

400

Why is gerrymandering considered controversial?

It allows manipulation of district boundaries for political advantage.

400

What is the difference between retrospective and prospective voting?

Retrospective = based on past performance; 

Prospective = based on future promises

400

What system makes it difficult for third parties to win elections in the U.S.?

Single-member plurality (winner-take-all)

400

What is the media’s “watchdog” role?

Investigating and exposing wrongdoing in government.

400

Describe: How does the Electoral College influence campaign strategies?

Candidates focus on swing states / battleground states where the outcome is uncertain.

500

What Supreme Court case ruled that malapportionment violates the 14th Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause?

Baker v. Carr (1962)

500

What 2010 case allowed unlimited independent expenditures by corporations and unions?

Citizens United v. FEC

500

Describe: How does the Electoral College influence campaign strategies?

Candidates focus on swing states / battleground states where the outcome is uncertain.

500

Describe: Why might media consolidation and social media have altered the quality of political information available to voters. 

Fewer owners = less diversity of viewpoints.

social media increases access but spreads misinformation and echo chambers.

500

Explain: How can interest groups use PACs and SuperPACs to influence elections?

By funding issue ads, mobilizing voters, and supporting candidates indirectly.

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