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What is the 3 in CaCO3 called and what does it tell us?
1. Subscript
2. The total number of atoms for a particular element
Where are protons found in an atom?
Nucleus
Where are electrons found in an atom?
In the electron cloud, outside of the nucleus
Where are neutrons found within an atom?
In the nucleus.
What is the charge of neutrons?
No charge/neutral
What is the charge of protons?
Positive
What is the charge of electrons?
Negative
Why would lithium and sodium have similar properties?
Lithium and sodium are in the same group or family of elements
Which electrons are involved in bonding between atoms?
Valence electrons
What does the Law of Conservation of Matter say about the mass of reactants and products?
In a closed, chemical reaction system the mass of the reactants will equal the mass of the products
Which two subatomic particles will always be the same number in a stable, neutral atom?
Protons and electrons
Why are alkali metals the most reactive metals on the Periodic Table?
Alkali metals only have one valence electron in the outermost shell. Alkali metals do not have a full valence electron shell.
What can you infer about an element based on its position on the periodic table?
Period?
Elements in the same period share the same number of electrons in the valence electron shell of atoms
Where can you find metals on the Periodic Table?
On the right side going to the left of the P.T.
Where can you find metalloids on the Periodic Table?
Metalloids are found on the step-like line between the metals and nonmetals on the P.T.
Which group of elements do not normally form compounds and why?
Noble gases because they have a little tendency to gain or lose electrons. The valence shell of noble gases are full.
Name a property of a metal
Shiny
Clear, odorless gases at room temperature
How many neutrons are in an element with an atomic number of 19 and an atomic mass of 39?
A.M.=P+N
39=19+N
39-19
N=20
What is the ration of calcium to carbon to oxygen atoms in a molecule of CaCO3?
1:1:3
What does the Law of Conservation of Matter state?
Name at least 2 properties of metals
1. Good conductor of heat and electricity
2. Metals are malleable
What is the difference between an open and a closed system?
Closed system is a system in which the mass/energy remains the same b/c energy flows through the limited boundaries of that closed system.
Open system is a system in which the mass/energy exchange with its environment.
What can you infer about an element based on its position on the periodic table?
Group?
Elements in the same group share similar physical and chemical properties and elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in its shells
Which group houses the most reactive
a. metals?
b. nonmetals?
Metals: Group 1 b/c they do not occur freely in nature. These metals only have one electron in their outer shell.
Nonmetals: Group 17 b/c they all have one empty space in their valence electron