Topic 2.1/2.2
Name the 3 types of population densities.
- Arithmetic Density
- Agricultural Density
- Physiological Density
What does it mean if the Rate of Natural Increase is positive?
-The population is growing
- The crude birth rate is higher than the crude death rate
Describe the factors that characterize Stage 1 of the Demographic Transition Model.
-High Birth Rates
-High Death Rates
- Low Life Expectancy
- Low Rate of natural increase
-East Asia
-South Asia
- Europe
- Southeast Asia
How do you calculate the rate of natural increase?
Crude Birth Rate - Crude Death Rate
Describe the factors that characterize Stage 4 of the Demographic Transition Model.
Low Birth Rate
Low Death Rate
High Life Expectancy
Low to negative rate of natural increase
Describe the types of environments do people generally avoid. (undesirable places)
- too dry
- too wet
- too high
- too cold
Describe the benefits of having a low dependency ratio.
- Better pensions
- Better health care for citizens
- Well funded education and healthcare system
- Working class would have lower taxes
Calculate the doubling time of a country if the rate of natural increase is 1.56%
Doubling Time = 70/ Rate of Natural Increase
70/1.56= 44.9
Doubling time is 44.9 years
What happens if we exceed our carrying capacity?
- damage to the environment
- desertification
- depletion of natural resources
- overpopulation issues
- water shortages
- increase in crime
- hunger
Name 2 factors that are not included in the rate of natural increase.
- Immigration
- Emigration
- Migration
Describe the Malthusian Theory.
A theory that stated that we would reach a point where we would not longer be able to feed all of the people in society. Malthus's reasoning was that population growth was exponential while food production grew arithmetically.
Identify how population distribution affects families.
Densely populated regions often have smaller family sizes due to the cost of families, while sparsely populated regions often have larger families due to the economic benefits of a large family.
What is the total replacement rate (the actual number) and what would the total replacement rate be if the population was declining.
Total Replacement Rate: 2.1
If the population was declining: x<2.1
Name 1 example of a pro-natalist policy.
- Reducing taxes for families
- Covering health care expenses for new babies
- Cash incentives
- Long maternity leaves