Absolutism
System in which a ruler holds total power.
Absolutism
New way of viewing natural world; based on observation, inquiry
Scientific Revolution
Movement where people were using reason to understand life in general with a focus on ideal society and government
Enlightenment
Ruled England before the age of absolutism; last of the Tudor Dynasty
Elizabeth I
Rulers received their power from God and were responsible to no one except God
Divine Right of Kings
Credited with "creating" absolutism; referred to as the "sun king"
Louis XIV
What is the geocentric (ptolemaic) system?
Earth is the center of the universe
The enlightenment had little effect on peasants lives.
True
Believed in having a laissez-faire economy
Adam Smith
When William and Mary restored a Protestant monarch in England without any violence
Glorious Revolution
Supported Parliament during the English Civil War.
Roundheads
What is the heliocentric (copernican) system?
Sun is the center of the universe
Hands-off or not controlled by the government
Laissez-faire
Ruler who "fixed" Russia; brought Western European culture to Russia
Peter the Great
Mathematician and astronomer who created the telescope and went to trial for his findings
Galileo
Why did monarchs believed they should have absolute power to rule?
Because they had been given power from God; divine right of kings theory
Two men credited with helping to create the scientific method.
Bacon and Descartes
System where rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their royal powers
Enlightenment Absolutism
Argued that people adopted government in order to protect their private property
Rousseau
Developed the 3 laws of motion and the theory of gravity
Isaac Newton
What did they English Bill of Rights do?
limited monarchy's power and guaranteed civil liberties to England's privileged classes
Urged scientists to experiment before drawing conclusions
Bacon
Said it was common sense that man should not be limited by the government
Thomas Paine
Believed in a separation of powers through a system of CHECKS and BALANCES
Montesquieu
Believed that people were inherently good and his ideas influenced the American Declaration of Independence and US Constitution
John Locke