Atomic Theory
What part of the atom contains protons and neutrons?
The nucleus
Who came up with the first periodic table?
Mendeleev.
What formula do we use to calculate the energy of a photon?
E = hν
What is the first sublevel filled in an atom’s electron configuration?
1s
Electrons in the same sublevel occupy empty orbitals first before pairing up
What is Hund's Rule?
Why are all the atomic masses on the periodic table decimals?
They are weighted averages of all the isotopic masses of that element.
What effect explains why ionization energy decreases from top to bottom?
The electron shielding effect.
What is a quantum?
The smallest amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom.
Calcium loses two electrons to become an ion; what element is this Ca2+ ion isoelectronic with?
Argon
What is states that only two electrons can occupy a single orbital?
What is the Pauli exclusion principle?
What did Rutherford discover in his gold foil experiment?
A positively-charged nucleus.
Why are metalloids called metalloids?
They share properties with both metals and nonmetals.
What type of light has the least energy?
Radio Waves
What is the highest energy sublevel with electrons in titanium?
3d
This scientist proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed energy levels, leading to a planetary model of the atom.
Niels Bohr
How many neutrons are in argon-40
22
Which element has the highest electronegativity?
Fluorine.
Why was Bohr’s model incorrect?
1. His model did not account for atoms with more than 1 electron. 2. He didn’t account for electrons having wave-like properties. 3. He didn’t account for 3-D orbitals.
How many electrons are in all the p orbitals of Arsenic?
15
This physicist conducted the gold foil experiment, leading to the discovery of the atomic nucleus and the conclusion that an atom is mostly empty space.
Ernest Rutherford
How many electrons are in a potassium ion?
18
How many electrons does neon tend to gain or lose?
0
What did Schrödinger contribute to the Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom?
He mathematically determined the wave functions needed for de Broglie’s model of wavelike electrons.
Electron configuration for Po2-
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s24f145d106p6
What is states that electrons fill orbitals that have the lowest energy first
What is the Aufbau principle?