Trauma and Stress
The difference between Acute Stress Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
What are Onset and Duration?
The Definition of Depression
Low and sad state that is marked by significant sadness, lack of energy, low self-worth, guilt, or related symptoms.
The Definition of Suicide.
Self-inflicted death (purposeful and direct action) with concious effort to end one’s life
Name the Perspective:
Genetics, Neurotransmitters, and Ion Activity
What is Biological?
Bonus points for Bi-Polar.
The ratio between men and women and the diagnosis for Depression.
2:1
Name some common triggers of ASD and PTSD
What are: Combat, Disasters and Accidents, Victimization?
The Definition of Mania
For 1 week or more, person has a continually abnormal, inflated, unresisted, or irritable mood. They also have heightened energy or activity for most of everyday
Name groups most likely to commit and die by suicide.
Name some treatments for ASD and PTSD.
Antidepressants
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Exposure Therapy (Cognitive)
Mindfulness-Based Techniques
Group and Family Therapy
Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)
The amount of people that die by suicide in a year.
1 million
What is the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) [sympathetic] and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Pathway (HPA)[pituitary gland]?
The concerns with Lithium and it's use in Bipolar Depression Treatment.
Too much: Poisonous
Too little: No effects
List the four types of Intentional Suicide.
What are:
Death SEEKER- Clear intent to end life
-Knowing and Understanding
Death INITIATOR- Attempts because they think death is already on the way
-Thinking Dying anyways
Death IGNORER- Does not believe that death is the end of their existence
-You will go somewhere else (physical vs soul)
Death DARER- Ambivalent about their wish to die even while attempting
-On one hand… vs the other
Depression and anger directed towards self, also known as introspection, belong to what perspective for suicide?
What is Psychodynamic.
The effectiveness rate of antidepressants.
Help 60% and Fail to help 40%
Name the four types of Dissociative Disorders.
What are Dissociative Amnesia, DID, Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder, Dissociative Fugue?
The difference between Bipolar I Depression, Bipolar II Depression, and Cyclothymic Disorder.
Bipolar I Depression- Full Major Depression and Manic episodes (both extreme)
Bipolar II Depression- Mild manic and major depression
Cyclothymic- Numerous episodes of hypomania and mild depressive symptoms
Durkheim named some sociocultural perspectives, name and describe them.
Egoistic: Isolated, Alienated: Non-religious people (society have little control)
Altruistic: Social Well-Integrated (intentional sacrifice for well being of society)
Anomic: Unstable Social Environment (Let down and deceiving society)
The cognitive-behavioral perspective for the reason for Dissociative Disorders.
What is state-dependent learning?
Name the percentage of people who have experienced a traumatic event.
60%
Draw out the Stress Reactions.
Starting with the Hypothalamus, it can go two ways-HPA and ANS.
HPA- This starts with a stressor, which signals the Hypothalamus. When it is signaled, it sends messages to the pituitary glands which releases ACTH. The ACTH signals the Adrenal Cortex to release corticosteroids which also signals the Organs by going through BLOOD STREAMS. That is when we see the arousal and fear reaction.
ANS- When a stressor occurs, the HYPOTHALAMUS is enabled. Signaling the sympathetic system, It can signal organs for direct activation. In this case, we will have arousal and fear. On the other hand, it can also signal the adrenal medulla, and this release epinephrine and norepinephrine that signals other organs to create arousal and fear. These factors are to tell you to fight, flight, freeze, and it signals you to get ACTIVE and get out of a situation.
Describe the types of medications used for Depression and how they work.
SSRI- Blocks the reuptakes for Serotonin
MAOI- Inhibits the production of MAOs, which break down neurotransmitters.
In Crisis Intervention, there are steps taken. Describe the steps.
Develop a positive relationship.
Understand and clarify the problem.
Assess suicide potential
Assess the resources that the individual has
Formulate a plan.
Describe a psychological perspective for depression.
Reduction in positive life experience with reduces behaviors that enable more rewards
Negative thinking- maladaptive attitudes, cognitive triad (negative views towards self, experience and future), errors in thinking, and automatic thoughts.
Name 3 reasons why women are more likely to be diagnosed with depression.
Artifact Theory
Hormones
Life-stress
Body-Dissatisfaction
Lack-of-control
Rumination