Understanding Intelligence
Define intelligence from a psychological perspective.
Answer: Intelligence is typically defined as the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills. Psychologists often describe it as a combination of cognitive abilities such as reasoning, problem-solving, memory, and adaptability to new situations.
What does IQ mean?
Intelliegence Quotient
What is the primary manual used by psychologists and psychiatrists to diagnose psychological disorders?
DSM
What category of disorder does schizophrenia fall under?
Psychotic
Name the three components of the biopsychosocial model?
Biological
Psychological
Social
Describe Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences.
Answer:
Gardner argued that intelligence is multifaceted, identifying at least eight distinct types (e.g., linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, and spatial). He emphasized that people may excel in some areas and not others, challenging the idea of a single intelligence score.
What does EQ mean?
Emotional Quotient
How long does someone experience symptoms generally before being diagnosed with a psychological disorder?
6 months
What category of disorder does bipolar fall under?
Mood
Which category does reaction to medications fit into in the biopsychosocial model?
Biological
Explain how intelligence is measured and discuss one limitation of IQ testing.
Answer: Intelligence is commonly measured using standardized IQ tests, such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) or Stanford-Binet. These tests assess verbal comprehension, working memory, processing speed, and reasoning. Limitation: IQ tests may not capture all aspects of intelligence, such as creativity or emotional intelligence, and can be biased by cultural, socioeconomic, or language differences.
What are the key features of a valid and reliable intelligence test, and why are these important in psychological assessment?
Encourages students to explore psychometric principles like standardization, reliability, and validity.
Which psychological disorder is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest?
Major Depressive Disorder
What is the main symptom of a phobia?
Intense and irrational Fear
What are the 4 'P' when considering risk factors
Predisposing
Precipitating
Perpertuating
Protective
Outline Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence and provide an example of each component.
Answer: Sternberg proposed three types of intelligence:
Analytical intelligence: Problem-solving and logical reasoning (e.g., solving a math equation).
Creative intelligence: Generating novel ideas or adapting to new situations (e.g., designing a unique art project).
Practical intelligence: Applying knowledge to real-world tasks (e.g., managing a team or navigating a new city).
How might cultural and socioeconomic factors influence the outcomes of intelligence testing?
Promotes awareness of test bias, equity in assessment, and the limitations of standardized testing.
What is a maladaptive behaviour?
A maladaptive behaviour is any action or response that interferes with a person’s ability to function effectively in daily life or adapt to changing circumstances. These behaviours might initially serve a purpose—like reducing anxiety or avoiding discomfort—but over time, they become counterproductive or harmful.
What is rumination?
Excessive worry and thinking
What is emotional intelligence according to Daniel Goleman, and why is it important in everyday life?
Answer: Goleman defined emotional intelligence as the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our own emotions and those of others. It includes self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. Importance: Emotional intelligence helps individuals build relationships, resolve conflicts, and make thoughtful decisions—skills essential in both personal and professional settings.
What is the average IQ score set at?
100
What are 3 concepts of normality?