Perception
This is focusing your attention on one specific stimulus.
What is selective attention?
A step-by-step method that guarantees a solution.
What is an algorithm?
The process of getting information into memory.
What is encoding?
This occurs when older information interferes with learning new information.
What is proactive interference?
The ability to learn from experience and solve problems.
What is intelligence?
You are texting and don’t notice your friend waving right in front of you.
What is inattentional blindness?
You go straight to the pasta aisle to find sauce instead of searching every aisle.
What is a heuristic?
This type of memory stores information briefly and has limited capacity.
What is short-term memory?
After learning a new password, you can’t remember your old one.
What is retroactive interference?
This type of intelligence involves accumulated knowledge and increases with age.
What is crystallized intelligence?
This is when expectations influence how we interpret sensory information.
What is perceptual set?
A sudden realization of a solution.
What is insight?
You remember how to ride a bike without thinking about it.
What is implicit memory?
This is when misleading information changes your memory.
What is the misinformation effect?
An elderly person struggles with new technology but has strong vocabulary and knowledge. Which intelligence is high, and which intelligence is low?
What is high crystallized intelligence and lower fluid intelligence?
The ability to adjust changed sensory input , including an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field.
What is perceptual adaptation?
You keep trying to solve a math problem the same old way even though it isn’t working.
What is mental set?
Explicit memories of facts and general knowledge.
What are semantic memories?
You remember something clearly but later find out it never actually happened.
What is a false memory?
Name the 2 types of intelligence tests, and give an example of each.
What is aptitiude test (SAT, ACT) and achievement test (AP exam at the end of a course or unit test)?
This Gestalt principle describes seeing an object separate from its background.
What is figure-ground?
You only look up evidence that supports your opinion about a topic and ignore the rest.
What is confirmation bias?
This part of the brain plays a role in memory processing to help you form habits and routines through practice and repetition.
What is the basal ganglia?
A momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds.
What is echoic memory?
This intelligence theory is based on a general ability factor as well as other specific abilities, bridged by crystallized and fluid intelligence.
What is Cattell-Horn-Carroll Theory?