Exercise Physiology
What is Physical Activity
Body movement produced by muscle action that increases energy expenditure.
Which two high-energy phosphates are involved in the immediate energy system
ATP and phosphocreatine (PCr).
What does BMR stand for
Basal Metabolic Rate.
What does VO2 max measure
The body's maximal capacity to consume oxygen during maximal exertion.
What does clinical exercise physiology focus on
The application of exercise physiology principles and skills to the prevention, rehabilitation, or diagnosis of diseases or disabilities.
What is Exercise
Planned, structured, repetitive, and purposeful physical activity.
Which energy system primarily supplies energy during a 100m dash or weightlifting
The immediate energy system, which primarily uses intramuscular ATP and PCr.
What device measures the heat produced by the body
A calorimeter.
What does RER stand for
Respiratory Exchange Ratio: the ratio of carbon dioxide expired to oxygen consumed at the lungs.
What type of research seeks new knowledge without concern for immediate application
Basic
Name 3 components of physical fitness listed in the Powerpoint
Any three: muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, body composition, cardiorespiratory endurance, power, or agility.
Which energy system primarily supplies energy during intense exercise lasting approximately 1-2 mins
Anaerobic glycolysis.
How does direct calorimetry estimate energy expenditure
Measures the body's heat production.
What is the lactate threshold
The point during increasing exercise intensity when blood lactate begins to accumulate above resting levels because clearance cannot keep up with production.
What type of research tests a theory using experience-related research and may refine it
Empirical research
What is the difference between acute and chronic adaptations to exercise
Acute adaptations occur during exercise or physical activity. Chronic adaptations are changes in the body's structure and function resulting from regular exercise.
Which energy system becomes progressively more important as exercise continues beyond several minutes
The aerobic energy system.
How does indirect calorimetry estimate energy expenditure
Estimates energy expenditure by measuring respiratory gases.
What is oxygen deficit
The difference between the oxygen required for exercise and the oxygen actually consumed.
Who established the Harvard Fatigue Lab and in what year
David Bruce Dill established it in 1927.
How does exercise training help the body handle exercise over time
Training creates adaptations that minimize disturbances to homeostasis, allowing a person to exercise at a higher intensity or sustain a given intensity for longer.
Why should an athlete's training plan match the intensity and duration of their sport or event
Energy system contributions depend on exercise intensity and duration. Training should target the specific demands of the event.
What is the difference between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and resting metabolic rate (RMR)
BMR is the lowest rate of metabolism that can sustain life. RMR is measured early in the morning after an overnight fast and eight hours of sleep; it does not require sleeping overnight in a laboratory or clinical facility.
Why might an athlete with the highest VO2 max not always achieve the best marathon performance?
VO₂ max is an important measure, but performance also depends on factors such as the energy cost of the task and the ability to sustain performance.
A researcher uses a tested theory to develop a new training schedule to solve a specific performance problem. What type of research is this
Applied Research