Cells
Which invention lead to the study of cells?
Microscope
This is the longest phase of the cell cycle when DNA is replicated.
Interphase
What type of energy is used in active transport and which organelle creates this type of energy?
ATP
Mitochondria
True or False? Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are two of the important metabolic activities that occur within cells.
True
This word means being made of only one cell
Unicellular
What is the outermost layer of an animal cell called?
Cell Membrane
During this phase of the cell cycle, the cytoplasm splits and two identical daughter cells are formed.
Cytokinesis
What is active transport?
A type of cell transport that uses energy to move molecules from an area of low concentration to high concentration.
Name 3 life processes
Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition
What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes: No nucleus, simple organisms
Eukaryotes: Nucleus, more complex organisms
Which organelle is coated in ribosomes and is responsible for synthesizing proteins?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
During this phase of mitosis, chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Metaphase
During faciliated diffusion, what helps out in the cell transport process?
Proteins
Excretion (gas exchange)
What does semi-permeable mean and which part of the cell is semi-permeable?
Semipermeable: Allows some substances to pass through, but not all
The cell membrane is semipermeable
What are three differences that are found in plant cells but not animal cells?
Cell wall, choloroplasts, and a large central vacuole
During this phase of mitosis, two nuclei form.
Telophase
What are two types of passive transport?
Diffusion and Osmosis
What is the acronym we use to remember the different life processes?
MRS GREN
What is the difference between a hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solution?
Hypotonic: More solute in, water comes in, cell expands
Hypertonic: More solute out, water goes out, cell shrinks
Isotonic: Equal solute in and out, water goes in and out in equal amounts, homeostasis is achieved
What are the three parts of the cell theory?
1. Cells are the building blocks of life
2. All living things are made of cells
3. Cells come from pre-existing cells
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis: a cell division process resulting in two identical daughter cells, occurs in body cells, for the purpose of growth/repair
Meiosis: a cell division process resulting in four unique cells, occurs in gametes, for the purpose of reproduction/creating a new organism
What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?
Diffusion: the movement of any molecule from high to low concentration
Osmosis: the movement of water molecules from high to low concentration
What are the first five levels of organization of life?
Cells, Tissue, Organs, Organ Systems, Organisms
What is homeostasis?
A stable internal enviornment