Atomic Structure
What are the three main subatomic particles
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What is the atomic number of an element equal to?
Number of protons
What type of bond involves the transfer of electrons
Ionic bonds
What are reactants and products?
Reactants: starting substances
Products: new substances
Does an exothermic reaction release or absorb energy?
Release
An atom has 11 protons and 12 neutrons. What is its atomic number and mass number?
Atomic number: 12
Mass number: 23
What is the difference between a group and a period?
Group: vertical
Period: horizontal
What type of bond involves atoms sharing electron pairs?
Covalent bonds.
What type of reaction follows the pattern AB --> A + B
Decomposition
Does an endothermic reaction release or absorb energy?
Absorb
An atom has atomic number 17 and mass number 37. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does a neutral atom have?
Protons: 17
Neutrons: 20
Electrons: 17
How many valence electrons do group 4A and group 7A have?
1A: 1
7A: 7
Name MgCl2
Magnesium Chloride
2 1 2
In an exothermic reaction, do the products have more or less chemical energy than the products.
Less
Two atoms have 8 protons each. One has 8 neutrons and one has 10. These atoms are ________ of the same element.
Isotopes
Why do elements in the same representative group often have similar chemical properties?
They have the same number of valence electrons
Write the formula for a compound made from Al³⁺ and O²⁻ ions.
Al2O3
Balance ___ Al + ___ Cl2 --> ___ AlCl3
6 3 2
Why does increasing temperature increase reaction rate?
Faster particles, more collisions
How many valence electrons does Sulfur (S) have ?
6
Why was it useful for Mendeleev to leave gaps in his periodic table?
He predicted that undiscovered elements would fit those gaps and have particular properties; later discoveries supported his predictions
What is the name of P2O5?
Diphosphorus Pentaoxide
Balance __ Zn + ___ HCl --> ___ ZnCl2 + ___ H2
1 2 1 1
A student reacts clumpy baking soda in vinegar. Then, they react powdered baking soda in vinegar. Which reaction will be faster? Why?
Powdered, more surface area.