Injury Prevention
What is one thing to remember when taping an elbow?
Flex the bicep, Make sure arm is bent during tape job but not too bent where they can't move
What are therapeutic modalities?
Therapeutic modalities are tools used to assist health care professionals in providing the best possible care to their patients.
List 1 of the stages of rehabilitation and its characteristics.
Acute (4-6 days)- Control inflammation, Minimize deleterious effects of immobilization, Reduce joint effusion, Maintain condition of noninjured areas
Subacute – (3-10 days) start when inflammation is under control, Continue to control inflammation, Progressively increase mobility, Progressively strengthen muscles, Continue to maintain condition to noninjured areas, Use soreness rules as a guide so we don’t overly stress tissues
Chronic or Return-to-Sport- Decrease pain from adhesions, Increase extensibility of other structures, Progress strengthening of affected and supporting musculature, Progress proprioception, coordination and agility
What is an injury prevention program?
programs intended to decrease risk of injury in sport
Improve muscle imbalances, uses a variety of tools and exercise to increase strength, ROM, and overall function
What are 2 examples of injury prevention techniques that we discussed in class?
Bracing, Padding, Taping, Rehabilitation, Injury prevention programs
What is an indication and a contraindication?
Indications- A specific situation in which a therapy should be used as it may be beneficial to the patients healing
Contraindications- A specific situation in which a therapy should NOT be used as it could be harmful to the patients healing
What are 2 ways you could make a rehabilitation exercise more challenging?
Take shoes off, unstable surface (towel, trampoline, airex, bosu ball), straight leg to bent leg, double leg to single leg, close eyes
List 2 types of therapeutic modalities that we discussed in class.
Thermotherapy- moist hot pack, paraffin bath, warm whirlpool
Cryotherapy- ice massage, ice bag, ice immersion, cold whirlpool, game ready
Electrical therapy- ultrasound, electrical stimulation
Mechanical therapy- traction, joint mobilizations, intermittent compression, release technique, IASTM
Topical therapy- Biofreeze, Icy Hot, Massage, Kinesio Tape, Massage gun
What is the very common type of padding used for a contusion or blistering?
"Donut" style pad
What is an indication and a contraindication for a Moist Hot Pack?
Indications- Chronic pain, spasm, decreased range of motion
Contraindications- Acute contusions, burns
What are 2 pros and 1 con of plyometric training?
Pro- Increased athletic performance, Increased fat loss, Improved coordination and agility, Increased muscle hypertrophy, No equipment needed, Increase in calories burned, Increase in muscle power and endurance, Don’t take as long in the gym, Increase explosiveness
Con- Very taxing on the Central Nervous System (CNS), Increased injury risk
What are the 4 Basic Strategies for Implementing Concepts of Motor Learning in Rehab?
Environment
Clear instructions
Demonstrate
Provide feedback
What are the considerations you need to remember after taping an athlete?
Circulation, Function, Protection (did it limit the function you intended)
What is an indication and a contraindication for cold water immersion?
Indications- Acute pain, chronic pain, recovery
Contraindications- Open wounds, patient hypersensitivity
At what point in the rehabilitation program should plyometrics be implemented?
Chronic/RTP
What are 3 factors that can affect an athlete's stress response?
Personality- Hardiness: ability to perform well under stress; Locus of control: you control what the outcome is; Sense of coherence: feeling of confidence….mix of optimism and control; Competitive trait anxiety: see things as threatening, and brings on more tension and anxiety; Achievement motivation: individual’s desire for accomplishment
Stressors: Life events, daily hassles, previous injuries
Coping resources: general coping behaviors, social support system, stress management and mental skills, medication (self or prescribed)
List 3 characteristics of an ankle tape job.
Starting distal to the gastrocnemius, anchors, stirrup strips go from medial to lateral, don't tape directly over the tip of the heel, check for circulation and function afterwards, make sure that athlete has their toe pointed up etc.
What is cupping and what are indications and contraindications to the treatment?
Cupping- Involves placing cups on the skin to create suction; Increased blood flow to the area and can help decrease myofascial restriction
Indications: Decreased ROM, decreased tissue elasticity, myofascial restrictions
Contraindications: Open wound, acute injury, presence of bruising
List two of the four Psychosocial Interventions for Successful Rehabilitation.
Education
Goal Setting
Social Support
Mental Skills
Describe one of the three types of electrical stimulation that we discussed in class.
IFC- Interferential waveforms work at a higher frequency. IFC addresses chronic and post-trauma acute pain in patients. Pain control, Larger area, Less localized, Channels cross
Pre-Mod- Premodulated waveform is used to mix the frequencies prior to delivery of the current through the electrode of the body and is effective in treating smaller muscle groups, joints and injuries closer to the skin. Pain control, Smaller area, More localized, Channels do not cross
Russian- The Russian Current waveform is a type of electrical stimulation that delivers medium frequency current in alternating pulses or bursts of energy and is effective in reducing pain as well as increasing muscular strength. Muscle re-education, Post surgery, Short burst waves