Articles of Confederation
Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government struggled financially because Congress lacked the power to collect these directly.
Taxes
Disagreement over state representation in Congress was resolved through this compromise at the 1787 Constitutional Convention.
Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)
The division of government powers between the national government and state governments is known as this core principle.
Federalism
This collection of 85 essays was written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to urge ratification of the Constitution.
Federalist Papers
In his 1796 Farewell Address, George Washington advised the United States to avoid foreign entanglements and
Political Parties
Passed in 1787, this major legislative achievement created a process for admitting new states and banned slavery in the northern territory.
Northwest Ordinance
To satisfy small states concerned about being outvoted, the Framers agreed that each state would receive equal representation in this legislative body.
Senate
Each branch of government holds some control over the other two. This is to make sure one branch does not get too powerful.
Checks and Balances
Anti-Federalists opposed the new Constitution primarily because they feared it gave too much authority to this entity at the expense of state power.
Federal/Central Government
President Washington led troops to suppress this 1794 uprising, proving the new central government could enforce federal tax laws.
Whiskey Rebellion
This 1786–1787 armed uprising by Massachusetts farmers exposed the economic and military weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.
Shays Rebellion
In the House of Representatives, representation for each state is determined strictly by this metric.
House of Representative
People are the source of the government and have rights, freedoms to make certain decisions that the government can’t take away.
Popular Sovereignty
What State was having riots when the draft of the Constitution was released.
New York
Washington established executive precedent by relying on heads of executive departments, setting up this presidential advisory body.
Cabinet
Shays’ Rebellion directly spurred calls among American leaders to create this kind of government.
Stronger National/Central Government
This controversial agreement determined how enslaved individuals would be counted for both congressional representation and direct taxation.
The three-fifths compromise
Anti-Federalists argued that without this crucial addition, individual citizens were left completely unprotected from federal tyranny.
Bill of Rights
Someone who opposed the Constitution.
Anti-Federalists
How the President is elected.
Electoral College
Under the Articles of Confederation, each state held this number of votes in the national legislature, regardless of population.
One vote
(Double Jeopardy) This plan, favored by small states, proposed a unicameral legislature with equal voting power for every state.
New Jersey Plan
Constitution limits actions of government by specifically listing powers it does or does not have.
Limited Government
(Double Jeopardy) Who wrote the most number of essays in the Federalist Papers (This is not in your notes)
Alexander Hamilton
Who becomes the second president?
John Adams