Scientific Understandings 1
What is the difference between abiotic and biotic.
Abiotic is is a non-living feature in the environment WHEREAS biotic is a living feature in an environment.
Identify a natural change in the outdoor environment.
Day to night. Climate change. Floods. Fire. Drought. Seasons. Tides. Migration.
How do Indigenious people percieve the land?
The Indigenous people percieve the land as a mother. The land is to be respected as a giver of life.
Define vocational.
Relating to an occupation or employment.
What is the name of the consumer at the top of the food chain?
Tertiary consumer. Eg: Eagle.
What is the benefit of flooding to the environment. Give an example.
Flooding can be beneficial to the outdoor environment as it is essential in the reproductive cycle of some plants. River red gums need to be inundated by flood waters to germinate.
Identify one land management practice that Indigenous people performed PRIOR to European settlement. Give example.
Traditional Burning. (Fire used for farming, hunting and to reduce fuel loads).
Hunting and Gathering. (Not over hunting as their was customary laws in place)
Aquaculture. (Use volcanic rock to make eel and fish traps).
Natural Resource Use. (Canoe building)
What does having the perspective of outdoors as a mother mean?
A mother is a person who protects and cares for us. Indigenous people before colonisation believed that the outdoor environment will provide and care for us as humans and it is to be respected.
Explain what La Nina and El Nino are and what natural change may occur.
La Nina refers to the extensive cooling of the ocean and is associated with wetter conditions. This may cause a natural change such as floods.
El Nino refers to the extensive warming of the ocean and is associated with drier conditions. This may cause a natural change such as drought or bushfire.
How do tides impact the outdoor environment and how human interact with the environment?
Tides impact the outdoor environment as King Tides can lead to a loss of coastal vegetation. Coastal species may be able to collect worms, feeding off a low tide.
Humans can be impacted by tides as they have to be aware of high and low tides to launch their boats.
How was hunting guided by the customary laws for Indigenous People prior to european settlement?
Customary laws around totemism and sacred places shaped what, how, when and where hunting took place. This meant that the species were not depleted and the culture of hunting was protected.
Identify 3 vocational perspectives of outdoor environement.
Park ranger, nature based toursim, education, agriculture, outdoor guiding and leading.
Explain the interrelationship between biotic and abiotic components of an outdoor environment.
They are interrelated beacuse biotic components such as living plants and animals require the input of abiotic components such as soil, water and sun to survive.
Describe how the changing of seasons can impact people and the outdoor environment.
Seasons impact how humans interact with the environment. In warmer months humans will undertake activities close to coastal areas. In cooler months, activities such as skiing and snowboarding are more prominent.
In warmer seasons such as summer and spring there is optimal conditions for photosynthesis of plant species.
Describe the how the Indigenous people used the practice of Traditional Burning to manage the land.
Describe the day to day activities of the vocation outdoor leading and guiding.
Take groups of people into outdoor environments. This could include flower identification trips, high adventure activities such as white-water rafting. They would set up necessary equipment, introduce the participants, explain activities, guide activites, implement safety protocols, pack up equipment, clean equipment. They are highly skilled in their activites.
Provide an example of a type of cycle within the outdoor envrionment and describe 2 componenets of the cycle.
The suns energy powers the water cycle through evaporation and precipitation. Plants absorb water from soils and use it during processes such as photosynthesis and release excess water back into the atmosphere via transportation.
Explain what human-induced climate change is and describe its impact on the geelong area.
Average temperatures in the Geelong region are increasing. This can imapct the growth of plant species in the geelong region. Types of fish may migrate to cooler water imapcting local fisheries.
Sea levels are also rising and this can impact the tidal zones and animals species that feed off tidal zones.
Explain how Indigenous people are currently involved in the land management of outdoor environments today.
Cultural burning is an example of how Indigenous Knowledge has informed land management today. Indigenous people today are involved in fire activities to assist and inform practices along side modern technologies.
Agriculture percieve the environment as a storehouse that provide them with resources. This can impact the outdoor environment as animals such as cows can destroy vegetation. Whereas, Indigenous Rangers are implementing cultural traditons back into the outdoor environment and using practices to promote revegetation.