Congress
The chamber of congress that confirms cabinet appointments.
Senate
This term refers to politicians who are completing their tenure in office after being voted out.
What is a lame duck?
After a court case has been decided, this is an opinion that is written after by the side that disagree.
Minority or Dissenting Opinion
There are this many cabinet level positions:
15
This court case established the Supreme Court's informal power of judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
Redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power.
Gerrymandering
In addition to signing and vetoing, this is the third option afforded to presidents upon the presentment of bills from Congress
(congress adjourns...wait)
What is the pocket veto?
This Federalist paper set forth the rationale behind an independent judiciary.
What is Federalist #78?
Rewarding party loyalists with jobs.
Patronage
In this case, the Court struck down racially-based gerrymandering.
What is Shaw v. Reno?
A last minute rider added-on by an influential legislator where federal funds only benefit their district
PORK-BELLY SPENDING
In 1942, Franklin Roosevelt used this implied power to establish relocation centers and detail American citizens.
What is an executive order?
Latin for "let the decision stand"
What is stare decisis?
This term reflects this relationship between regulators, legislators, and lobbyists.
What is an iron triangle?
What is Baker v. Carr?
In 2013, Senator Ted Cruz (R-TX) spoke for 21 hours and 19 minutes in opposition to the Affordable Care Act per this loophole in Senate rules.
What is the filibuster?
In 1913, Woodrow Wilson began the modern tradition by which presidents use this annual message as a tool for agenda-setting.
What is the State of the Union address?
The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional:
Judicial Review
The SEC is an example of this type of agency
Independent regulatory agency
The View that judges should decide cases strictly on the basis of the language of the laws and the constitution.
Judicial Restraint
The formal motion used to end or limit debate in the Senate.
The justification for a single executive was outlined in this Federalist Paper.
What is Federalist #70?
When the courts look back to past court cases to make a decision
Precedent
THE POWER TO INTERPRET LEGISLATION & CREATE RULES.
DELEGATED DISCRETIONARY AUTHORITY
The "second in command" to the majority leader in the senate. Makes sure votes are counted.
Majority WHIP