2.1/2.2
This problem-solving limitation occurs when a person cannot see a new use for an object beyond its usual function.
A) Framing
B) Divergent Thinking
C) Functional Fixedness
D) Assimilation
What is Functional Fixedness?
This learning strategy spreads study sessions over time and leads to better long-term memory than cramming.
A) Recency Effect
B) Distributed Practice
C) Method of Ioci
What is Distributed Practice?
This type of retrieval involves identifying previously learned information when it is presented.
A) Recognition
B) Metacognition
C) Testing Effect
What is Recognition?
This is the ability to learn, solve problems, and adapt to new situations.
A) Growth Mindset
B) Intelligence
C) Constructive Memory
What is Intelligence?
This phenomenon explains why you can focus on one conversation in a noisy room but still notice when your name is mentioned.
A) Top-Down Processing
B) Cocktail Party Effect
C) Change Blindness
D) Perceptual Sets
What is Cocktail Party Effect?
This memory strategy organizes information into meaningful units to make it easier to remember, like grouping digits in a phone number.
A) Chunking
B) Spacing Effect
C) Serial Position Effect
What is Chunking?
This memory retrieval method requires actively producing information without cues.
A) Retrieval
B) Recall
C) Testing Effect
What is Recall?
This happens when information was never properly stored in memory.
A) Misinformation Effect
B) Forgetting Curve
C) Encoding Failure
What is Encoding Failure?
This leads people to judge the likelihood of an event based on how easily examples come to mind.
A) Availability Heuristic
B) Convergent Thinking
C) Priming
D) Executive Functions
What is Availability Heuristic?
This type of memory stores facts and knowledge, such as vocabulary or historical dates, and is not tied to personal experiences.
A) Short-term Memory
B) Sensory Memory
C) Retrieval
D) Semantic Memory
What is Semantic Memory?
This concept refers to awareness and understanding of one’s own memory and thinking processes.
A) Metacognition
B) Autobiographical Memory
C) State-dependent Memory
What is Metacognition?
This error happens when you remember something correctly but forget where you learned it.
A) Source Amnesia
B) Psychometrics
C) Forgetting Curve
What is Source Amnesia?
This causes people to continue investing in something simply because they have already invested time, money, or effort.
A) Sunk-Cost Fallacy
B) Functional fixedness
C) Gambler's Fallacy
D) Availability Heuristic
What is Sunk-Cost Fallacy?
This mnemonic technique involves visualizing information placed in familiar physical locations to improve recall.
A) Effortful Processing
B) Encoding
C) Method of loci
What is Method of loci?
This condition involves loss of memories formed before a traumatic event.
A) Infantile Amnesia
B) Anterograde Amnesia
C) Retrograde Amnesia
What is Retrograde Amnesia?
This type of test is designed to predict future performance.
A) Intelligence Tests
B) Aptitude Tests
C) Achievement Tests
What is Aptitude Tests?
This process explains why people can interpret the same sensory input differently because perception is shaped by prior knowledge and expectations.
A) Perception
B) Linear Perspective
C) Top-Down Processing
D) Bottom-up Processing
What is Top-Down Processing?
In this component of working memory, visual and spatial information is temporarily stored and manipulated.
A) Encoding
B) Visuospatial Sketchpad
C) Phonological Loop
This learning phenomenon shows that actively retrieving information improves long-term retention more than passive review.
A) Testing Effect
B) Rehearsal
C) Primacy Effect
What is Testing Effect?
This phenomenon refers to the observed rise in average intelligence test scores across generations over time.
A) Growth Mindset
B) Imagination Inflation
C) Flynn Effect
What is Flynn Effect?