Colonial Regions
Which colony was founded in 1607 and became the first permanent English settlement?
Jamestown
Who helped save Jamestown by enforcing strict discipline and making colonists work?
John Smith
What 1675–76 war in New England devastated Native populations and ended major Native resistance there?
King Phillip's War
This strict Puritan colony aimed to be a “city upon a hill,” serving as a model Christian community.
Massachusetts Bay
New England’s economy relied heavily on this ocean-based industry.
Fishing
Which colonial region was known for shipbuilding, timber, and small farms?
New England
Who introduced tobacco to Virginia and helped turn it into a major cash crop?
John Rolfe
A violent 1676 rebellion led by frontier farmers in Virginia that increased tensions with Native groups and pushed elites to rely more on African slavery.
Bacon's Rebellion
Banished from Massachusetts, this minister founded Rhode Island and promoted religious freedom and separation of church and state.
Roger Williams
These large Southern farms depended on enslaved labor.
Plantations
What nickname did the Middle Colonies get because they grew so much grain?
The “Breadbasket”
Who founded Pennsylvania as a safe place for Quakers and promoted fair treatment of Natives?
William Penn
This 1637 conflict between Puritans and a New England tribe ended with the near destruction of the tribe’s population.
Pequot War
This 1730s–1740s religious revival encouraged emotional preaching, personal faith, and new denominations.
First Great Awakening
This grain-heavy colonial region became known as “the breadbasket colonies.”
Middle Colonies
Which colony was originally owned by the Dutch before the English took it in 1664?
New York
Which religious leader started the Great Awakening with fiery sermons?
Jonathan Edwards
These laws restricted colonial trade to benefit England, causing resentment and leading many colonists to smuggle goods.
Navigation Acts
The Middle Colonies were known for this religious trait, which resulted from diverse groups like Quakers, Lutherans, and Catholics settling there.
Religious Toleration
Goods like sugar and tobacco moved across the Atlantic as part of this trade network.
Atlantic Trade System
Which colony was created as a “buffer” between South Carolina and Spanish Florida?
Georgia
Who created Maryland as a refuge for Catholics?
Lord Baltimore
A series of religious trials in Massachusetts in 1692 that reflected deep social tensions and fear during a stressful time of Native conflict and frontier pressure.
Salem Witch Trials
This Puritan woman challenged church leaders by claiming God spoke directly to her, leading to her banishment from Massachusetts.
Anne Hutchinson
British economic policy demanded the colonies supply raw materials and buy manufactured goods under this philosophy.
Mercantilism