sexual reproduction
asexual reproduction
embryogenesis
cell disruption
stem cells
100
How many parents are required for sexual required for sexual reproduction?
two
100
Give a benefit of asexual reproduction...
Mass colonisation Can repopulate an area quickly (e.g. post fire)
100
Where does fertilisation occur?
Fallopian tubes
100
If the cell is damaged, it would normally go through...
Apoptosis
100
What is the type of stem cell that can become all cell types?
Totipotent
200
What is the location and function of meiosis?
To produce gametes
200
What is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction
Lots of energy required High mortality rate
200
What are the three germ layers?
ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
200
What is contact inhibition?
Is when the cells do not overgrow each other
200
Red and white blood cells are an example of...
Multipotent stem cells
300
What is an example of an organism that uses external fertilsation?
most fish, coral, amphibians
300
Give an example of two differentiated cells/muscles/tissues in the mesoderm
Blood cells Bone marrow Heart and blood vessels
300
What is the name of the tumor suppression protein?
P53
300
Adult stem cells are also known as...
Somatic stem cells
400
What happens to the chromosomes in prophase 1 of meiosis?
They recombine
400
Prokaryotic organisms go through this to clone themselves
Mitosis
400
What does cancer result from?
The loss of control of the cell cycle
400
Why are embryonic stem cells an ethical dilemma?
Because in order to collect them, the embryo is lost
500
Define sexual reproduction
Method of producing offspring in which an egg and a sperm fuse to form a zygote
500
What happens at 'prophase' of mitosis
The chromosomes condense and become visible
500
Give an example of a teratogen
Thalidomide
500
What are some examples of some environmental factors that can cause cancer?
UV, cigarette smoke, viruses, diet
500
Explain what Induced Pluripotent Stem cells are.
They are cultured in a lab, outside the womb.
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