Periodic Table of Elements
The Atomic number of any element determines the number of:
Protons and Electrons
An atom or molecule with a charge (+ or -) as a result of gaining and/or losing one or more electrons
Ion
This property explains why oil and water do not mix.
Polarity. Water is polar and oil is nonpolar.
The monomer of a Carbohydrate:
monosaccharide (sugar)
Everything that has mass, takes up space, and can be composed of both simple chemical elements and chemical compounds.
Matter
The Group number of any atom determines the number of:
Valence Electrons
Type of chemical compound that donates/transfers electrons from one atom to another atom.
Ionic
The property of water that explains why water molecules stick to each other (substance sticks to itself).
Cohesion
Nucleic Acids
A weak, temporary bond formed to bind separate water molecules together.
Hydrogen bond
The Period number on the Periodic Table represents the number of _____________________ within an atom.
Energy Levels (orbitals)
This type of chemical compound forms between two or more atoms that are non-metals.
Covalent
Why does solid ice float at the surface of liquid water?
Glycerol and Fatty acid chains are the monomers for this type of macromolecule.
Lipids
A specific type of macromolecule that is used to increase the rate of chemical reactions by reducing the amount of energy required.
Enzyme
How is the atomic mass (mass number) of an atom determined?
Number of protons + Number of neutrons
What is the "octet" rule and how does it correlate with the stability of a chemical compound?
The octet rule refers to obtaining a filled outer energy level (8 valence electrons) in the majority of atoms. Atoms are most stable when they reach this state.
The sand on the beach is much hotter than the ocean water even though it is exposed to the same amount of sun for the same time. Which property of water explains this?
Specific heat. Water has a higher specific heat
What makes a substance "organic"?
Contains carbon and is derived from a living organism.
What role does a functional group play in macromolecules?
Determines the chemical properties of the molecule.
An atom that contains 18 protons, 18 electrons, and 22 neutrons has a(n):
Atomic Number of _____________
Mass Number of ______________
Atomic Number = 18
Mass Number = 40
Using a periodic table, draw on the white board a Lewis dot structure model for a chemical compound between Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O). How do the electrons form chemical bonds in this type of compound?
The valence electrons are shared. Each Oxygen atom shares two electrons with Carbon and the Carbon atom shares two electrons with each Oxygen atom.
Which of the water properties together explain how water is able to be transported up and through plants?
Cohesion, Adhesion, and Capillary Action
This macromolecule functions in structural support, immune system responses, and increasing the rates of chemical reactions within living organisms.
Proteins
Which chemical indicator tested for simple carbohydrates (monosaccharides)?
For Double Jeopardy- What color indicated a "positive" result for the presence of a simple carbohydrate?
Benedict's solution. Orange/Yellow