Properties of Water
A water molecules is composed of...
(Your answer should include the chemical formula!)
What is...
H2O
Enzymes are a special type of protein whose job is to ___________________ up chemical reactions.
What is...
catalyze
(I will also accept speed up)
What elements make up carbohydrates?
You may list the full names, or the chemical formulas.
You must list all of them!
What is...
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
or
CHO
or1C,2H,1O
Lipids are _________________ in water.
What is...
insoluble or not soluble
What do living things use nucleic acids for?
What is...
storing and transmitting genetic information
(I will also accept storing information, transferring hereditary information, genetic storage)
Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it takes a lot of energy to raise the temperature of water by one degree Celsius.
Because of this property, water is excellent at regulating what two things?
What is...
Environmental Temperatures & Body Temperatures
(I will also take climate, global temperatures, homeostasis, or internal conditions)The monomer (single units) of proteins are known as...
What is...
Amino Acids
What do carbohydrates do for living things?
What is...
short-term energy source
What are lipids used for in living things?
What is...
long term energy storage
What is an example of nucleic acids that we discussed during class?
What is...
DNA or RNA
Water is a very sticky substance.
This stickiness comes in two flavors: cohesion and adhesion
Describe the difference between cohesion and adhesion.
What is...
Cohesion is when water molecules stick to each other.
Adhesion is when water molecules stick to something that is not water.
What elements make up proteins?
You may list the full names, or the chemical formulas.
You must list all of them!
What is...
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
or
C,H,O,N
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
Monosaccharide
(I will also accept, single sugar)What shape do lipids generally arrange themselves in?
What is...
linear
or
long chains
What elements make up nucleic acids?
You may list the full names, or the chemical formulas.
You must list all of them!
What is...
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus
or
CHONP
When water transitions from a liquid to a solid (freezing), it becomes _________________ dense.
What is...
(less, less dense)
What can happen to an enzyme if pH or temperature changes outside of it's optimal range?
What is...
The enzyme gets denatured
(I will also accept its shape changes, it stops working)
Carbohydrates are __________________ in water.
What is...
soluble
(I will also accept will dissolve)What elements make up lipids?
You may list the full names, or the chemical formulas.
You must list all of them!
What is...
Carbon and Hydrogen (with a little oxygen)
or
CH
or
1C,2H,Less than 1 O
(I will accept carbon and hydrogen)
What is a monomer of nucleic acid called?
What is...
nucleotide
The Giant Sequoia, the largest tree on Earth, grows to upwards of 300 feet tall.
This tree is able to pull water from the ground up to the top of the tree, against the force of gravity.
What property of water is responsible for this?
What is...
Capillary Action
(1/2 credit if you said cohesion AND adhesion, because BOTH are required for capillary action to work.)
What do enzymes do to the activation energy of a reaction?
What is...
Enzymes decrease the activation energy of a reaction
Explain why the name carbohydrate tells you what chemicals make up this macromolecule.
Break the word down into parts.
You have 3 minutes to answer this question, or until you finish. Whichever comes first.
Carbo: Carbon
Hydrate: Water (Hydrogen and Oxygen)
Break the word apart, and try to explain what it means!
What is...
phospho: phosphorus
lipid: fats
bilayer: two layers
or
two layers of lipids containing phosphorusAre nucleic acids found in food? Explain why?
Yes, nucleic acids are found in food, because food is made of living things, and all living things contain nucleic acids.