Enzymes
What type of biological molecule speeds up chemical reactions in cells?
What are enzymes?
What type of transport moves substances from high concentration to low concentration without using cellular energy?
What is passive transport?
Does active transport require cellular energy?
What is yes?
What organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?
What is the chloroplast?
What process do cells use to break down glucose and release usable energy?
What is cellular respiration?
What part of an enzyme does a substrate bind to?
What is the active site?
What is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration called?
What is diffusion?
What molecule provides energy for active transport?
What is ATP?
What gas do plants take in from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
What is carbon dioxide?
What organelle is the main site of aerobic cellular respiration?
What is the mitochondrion/mitochondria?
What is the molecule that an enzyme acts upon called?
What is a substrate?
What type of passive transport uses membrane proteins to help molecules cross the cell membrane?
What is facilitated diffusion?
Active transport moves substances from what concentration to what concentration?
What is low concentration to high concentration?
What are the two main products of photosynthesis?
What are glucose and oxygen?
What molecule is the main usable form of energy produced by cellular respiration?
What is ATP?
What happens to an enzyme when it is exposed to extremely high temperatures?
It can denature and lose its shape/function.
Water moving across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration is called what?
What is osmosis?
What type of protein can use ATP to move substances across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient?
What is a protein pump (Sodium- Potassium Pump)?
What molecule provides the energy needed to power photosynthesis?
What is sunlight/light energy?
What two substances are the main reactants of aerobic cellular respiration?
What are glucose and oxygen?
An enzyme works best at 37°C. What would most likely happen to its activity if the temperature increased to 90°C? Explain why.
Its activity would decrease because the enzyme could denature, changing the shape of its active site.
A cell has 80% water inside and 40% water outside. In which direction will water move?
What is
Out of the cell, from higher water concentration to lower water concentration.
A cell needs to move molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. Which type of transport should it use, and why?
Active transport, because it moves substances against the concentration gradient and requires energy.
A plant is placed in a dark room for several days. How would this affect photosynthesis and why?
Photosynthesis would decrease or stop because the plant needs light energy to make glucose.
If a cell does not have enough oxygen, what alternative process can it use to continue producing some ATP?
What is fermentation/anaerobic respiration?