cell transport
what is the cell membrane?
the organelle that says what can come in and out of the cell
what is simple diffusion?
the spreading out of molecules across a membrane until equilibrium is reached
what is a fertilized egg called?
zygote
What is interphase?
the growth phase of the cell cycle
what is mitosis?
the division phase of the cell cycle
what term describes what the cell membrane is?
selectively permiable
what is facilitated diffusion?
a transport protein helps to facilitate the diffusion of molecules that normally couldn't pass through the cell membrane
what does cell division happen through?
mitosis
what are chromosomes?
one long continuous thread of DNA that consist of thousands of genes
what are the five phases of mitosis?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokenisis
can you describe a passive transport?
requires no extra energy, moves from high concentration to low, and moves down the concentration gradient
what are the three solutions of osmosis?
hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic
what is a stem cell?
undifferentiated cells that become differentiated into one or more types of specialized cells
in the interphase what does g1, s, g2 stand for?
g1=gap one phase - cell grows and makes proteins
s=synthesis phase - DNA replication occurs
g2=gap two phase - more cell growth and protein synthesis
what is the end result of mitosis?
two identical body cells
what is a active transport?
requires extra energy, moves low to high concentration, and moves against the concentration gradient
what does a molecule pump do?
allows a cell to concentrate key molecules within the cell, or remove waste quickly from the cell
what is the order of the levels of organization from cell to organism from least to greatest?
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
what is chromatid?
one half of its duplicated chromosome
what are tumors?
clumps of cells that divide uncontrollably
what is the difference between a solute, solvent, and a solution?
solute- what gets dissolved
solvent- does the dissolving
solution- uniform mixture of two or more substances
what is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?
Endocytosis moves materials into the cell while exocytosis moves them out.
what is a cell cycle?
A repeated pattern of growth, DNA duplication, and cell division that occur in the eukaryotic cell.
what is a sister chromatid?
two identical chromatids
what is the difference between benign and malignant cells?
benign cells are abnormal cells that typically remain clustered together while malignant cells are cancer cells that break away from the tumor and move to other parts of the body