Characteristics of Cells
What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?
The cell.
Proteins are made from what building blocks?
Amino acids.
Which organelle is known as the “powerhouse of the cell”?
Mitochondria.
A group of similar cells working together forms a…
Tissue.
What is the main goal of homeostasis?
To maintain stable internal conditions.
Who was the first person to observe cells?
Robert Hooke
Which molecule stores genetic information?
DNA.
Which organelle makes proteins?
Ribosomes.
A group of tissues working together forms a…
Organ.
Sweating to cool down is an example of…
Homeostasis.
In eukaryotic cells, where is the DNA located?
In the nucleus.
What do lipids and carbohydrates have in common?
They both store energy.
What organelle breaks down waste materials in a cell?
Lysosomes.
The correct order of organization in living organisms is…
Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems → Organism.
A person is outside in cold weather and begins to shiver. What is shivering helping the body do?
Generate heat to maintain internal body temperature.
Which part of the cell controls what enters and exits the cell?
The cell membrane.
Water (H₂O) is an example of what type of substance?
A compound.
What structure is found ONLY in plant cells and is the site of photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts.
Which system delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells?
The circulatory system.
Which of the following is the best example of homeostasis?
A. Eating a large meal
B. Sweating when your body temperature rises
C. Growing taller during puberty
D. Running faster during a race
B.
Sweating helps regulate internal temperature to maintain balance.
Why are cells so small?
A smaller size allows materials to enter/exit quickly (greater surface area to volume ratio).
Which organelle modifies and packages proteins for use?
The Golgi complex.
What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER?
Rough ER makes proteins (has ribosomes); smooth ER makes lipids and breaks down toxins.
How do the digestive and circulatory systems work together?
Digestive system breaks down food; circulatory system transports nutrients to cells.
Which body systems work together to maintain homeostasis during heavy physical activity?
A. Digestive and skeletal
B. Respiratory and circulatory
C. Nervous and reproductive
D. Endocrine and muscular
B. Respiratory and circulatory