Perception
Focusing conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
What is selective attention?
Trying a variety of solutions and eliminating those that don’t work. Remember this can be used in a heuristic and algorithm dependent on how long the process is.
What is trial and error?
The persistence of learning over time through the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information
What is memory?
Faulty memory for how, when, or where information was learned or imagined. Along with the misinformation effect, this is at the heart of many false memories.
What is source amnesia or source misattribution?
The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
What is intelligence?
This is a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another.
What is perceptual set?
Incorrectly believing a random event is more or less likely to occur based on results of previous events.
What is gambler's fallacy?
The process of getting information into the memory system
What is encoding?
An inability to retrieve information from one's past.
What is retrograde amnesia?
Our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills. Tends to increase with age.
What is crystallized intelligence?
This is a binocular cue for perceiving depth. By comparing images from your two eyeballs, your brain computes distance, the greater the disparity(difference) between two images, the closer the object
What is retinal disparity?
A methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
What is an alogorithm?
Type of rehearsal that links new information with existing memories and knowledge
What is elaborative rehearsal?
Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory.
What is the availability heuristic?
According to Charles Spearman and others, underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test
What is general intelligence(g)?
A lab device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals
What is a visual cliff?
In cognition, the inability to see a problem from a new perspective
What is fixation?
A measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material again
What is relearning?
The forward-acting disruptive effect of older learning on the recall of new information
What is proactive interference?
A disorder of varying with an intellectual and physical severity caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21
What is down syndrome?
The study of paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis
What is parapsychology?
Tendency to overestimate ability to have foreseen the outcome of an event after it has already happened
What is hindsight bias?
A memory component that coordinates the activities of the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad
What is the central executive?
In psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from the consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories
What is repression?
The theory that our intelligence is based on g as well as specific abilities, bridged by Gf(fluid intelligence) and Gc(crystallized intelligence).
What is the Cattell-Horn-Carroll(CHC) theory?