Jamestown vs. Plymouth
Which was the first permanent English settlement in North America, and in what year was it founded?
What is Jamestown (1607)
What is a region?
What is an area defined by common features or conditions?
Name two major reasons why shipbuilding became a leading industry in New England.
What are dense pine/oak forests (timber resources) and rocky soil/cold climate that made farming difficult?
How did the land shape settlement?
What is:
soil and climate affected which crops to grow.
settled near water for transportation and trade.
What is a free market economy?
What is an economic system where private businesses and buyers/sellers decide prices and production through supply and demand with minimal government interference?
He saved the Jamestown colony from early collapse by enforcing the strict military work rule: "He that will not work shall not eat."
Who was Captain John Smith
Which was the second English colony founded in North America, and in what year did it begin?
What is Plymouth (1620)
Name the three geographical colonial regions.
What are the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies?
What was the main economic industry for New Egland
What is shipbuilding, fishing, timber, and trade?
How did European colonists in North America adapt to their local environments?
What is by altering their economic practices based on geography (e.g., farming cash crops in rich southern soil vs. fishing/timber harvesting in rocky northern terrain)?
What is the difference between an Absolute Monarch and a Representative Government?
What is:
Absolute Monarch: A king or queen holds unlimited total power by birthright.
Representative Government: Citizens elect representatives to make laws and decisions on their behalf.
He served as the governor of Plymouth Colony for over 30 years and wrote the historical journal Of Plymouth Plantation, recording the Pilgrims' early experiences.
Who was William Bradford?
Why was Jamestown founded?
What is to make a financial profit for the Virginia Company investors (gold/wealth)
What was the main purpose of the Southern Colonies' economy?
What was large scale agricultural production of cash crops (tobacco, rice, indigo) on plantations?
What was the main economic industry for the middle colonies?
What is grain farming, livestock, trade, and craft manufacturing
When Pilgrims arrived at Plymouth, what type of environmental region did the local Wampanoag live in, and what key survival skills did they share?
What is a coastal/woodland region; they provided agricultural knowledge (fertilizing soil with fish to grow corn, beans, squash) and hunting/fishing techniques?
What feature was shared by BOTH an absolute monarchy and representative governments in colonial times?
What is both held legal authority to make and enforce laws over citizens?
He was banished from Massachusetts Bay for advocating religious freedom and fair treatment of Native Americans, going on to found the colony of Rhode Island.
Who was Roger Williams?
Why was Plymouth colony started by the Pilgrims?
What is for religious freedom (to escape religious persecution in England)
Why were the Middle Colonies known as the "Breadbasket Colonies"?
What is because they had fertile soil and grew large amounts of staple grain crops like wheat, barley, and rye?
What was the main economic industry for the Southern Colonies?
What is cash crop plantation agriculture (tobacco, rice, indigo)?
How did European settlement change the natural environment of North America?
What is through widespread deforestation (clearing land for farming and lumber), building permanent roads/fences, and overhunting wildlife?
Why is the Virginia House of Burgesses considered a milestone example of representative government?
What is because it was the first elected legislative assembly of representatives in the American colonies (1619)?
A Quaker leader, he established Pennsylvania as a safe haven for religious minorities and designed Philadelphia with self-government and freedom of worship.
Who was William Penn?
How did the primary economic struggle of early Jamestown differ from the early survival challenge faced at Plymouth Colony during their first winters?
What is Jamestown settlers struggled because many searched for gold instead of planting crops (leading to the "Starving Time"), while Pilgrims faced harsh winter weather and infectious disease until local Native Americans taught them survival farming?
What caused conflict between American Indians and English colonist?
What is American Indians did not fence land, settlers thought it was vacant and built homes and farms there?
What are some economic reasons for European exploration?
Whare are:
Finding Direct Sea Routes to Asian Spices
Acquiring Gold, Silver
Securing Raw Materials for Manufacturing
Establishing New Export Markets
Expanding Trade Networks and Fostering Commercial Wealth
What were the negative effects of colonial communities, farms, plantations, and businesses on Indigenous tribes?
What were loss of native lands, introduction of deadly European diseases, disruption of traditional hunting grounds, and forced displacement/conflict?
Contrast how an Absolute Monarchy and a Representative Assembly like the Virginia House of Burgesses differ regarding who holds ultimate political power, and identify one right shared by citizens living under both.
What is in an Absolute Monarchy power rests solely in the King/Queen by divine authority, whereas in the House of Burgesses power rests in elected representatives chosen by voters; under both systems, citizens were subject to laws and government taxation?
She was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for holding home Bible study groups, challenging Puritan ministers, and standing trial as an early champion of religious dissent.
Who was Anne Hutchinson?