DNA Synthesis/Mutations
Number of origins of replication in eukaryotes
More than 1
The enzyme that makes an RNA copy of the template strand of the DNA
RNA polymerase
This structure is essential for the bioactivity of penicillin.
Beta lactam rings
When cells exit the cell cycle, they enter this phase.
G0
How bacteria reproduce
Binary Fission
Enzyme responsible for breaking the H bonds between nitrogenous bases.
Helicase
These types of bonds are formed between amino acids.
peptide
Chemical agents that inhibit the growth of bacteria on tissues or on objects in the environment.
Bacteriostatic
This checkpoint confirms the chromosomes has replicated.
G2
the time it takes 1 bacterium to become 2 bacteria
alters a base, but does not change the amino acid, and has no effect
silent
nucleus
Molecules that are structurally similar to, and compete with, naturally occurring metabolic intermediates.
Structural Analog
Sister chromatids first form in this phase.
S
Flat period of growth while bacteria synthesize parts and enlarge
Lag phase
changes normal mutation into a stop codon
nonsense
Consists of a coordinated set of genes regulated as a single unit and its expression is induced by the presence of its substrate
inducible operon/lac operon
Mechanism of action of halogens
protein denaturation
Checkpoint that ensures chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle so can be distributed accurately to the daughter cells
Mitotic or M phase
These microbes are able to grow in very dry environments
xerophiles
RNA primer
Group of three nucleotides that dictates which amino acid is added to the growing peptide chain
Codon
These type of cells are more resistant to antibiotics and the immune system.
Biofilm
This process eliminates defective cells that cannot be repaired.
Apoptosis- cell death
These organisms that grow best at a higher CO2 tension than is normally present in the atmosphere.
Capnophiles