Diabetes Type I
Patients with Type I diabetes usually present as what
Children
young adults
thin
Patients with type II DM population is
Obesity
adult onset
Children are starting to get type II
cold therapy does what to muskuloskeltal injuries
causes decreased pain and swelling
Name signs/symptoms of hyperglycemia
Fatigue
blurry vision
N/V
polyuria
polydipsia
polyphagia
1. What is a normal Hgb A1c?
2. What Hgb A1C level shows the patient is being effectively treated?
1. <5.7
2. <7%
What is the difference between DM I and DM II
1. No insulin is produced in type I
2. makes to little or Insulin resistant type II
Risk factors of dm II are
Sedentary lifestyle
overweight/obesity
poor nutrition
familial hx
True or false
You should hang the injured extremity below the level of the heart to promote a decrease of swelling and pain.
False
When should a nurse teach a patient with reactive hypoglycemia to check their blood sugar?
Before bed
when you wake up in the morning
1 hour before meals
What do oral hypoglycemics do?
Stimulate a partially working pancreas
Type I DM is reversible
True or false?
False
Why is wound healing slower in diabetics?
Circulation may not be adequate to heal a wound or fight infection.
What is a closed fracture?
A Closed Fracture occurs when a bone which is broken does not penetrate the skin and does not protrude out.
What is the difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia using a memory trick?
Hot and dry and sugar high-hyperglycemia
cold and clammy need some candy ( cold sweat and tremor)- hypoglycemia
Regular insulin causes increased risk of hypoglycemia after being given. How long does this increased risk take?
2-5 hours
Why would a patient need a continuous glucose monitor?
Wide swings in glucose
frequent bouts of hypoglycemia
As a nurse what should you teach a diabetic about regarding their feet?
Inspect daily, keep clean and dry.
Keep free from injury
Describe what crepitation is
crackling sounds and grating sensation with palpation
Name some fast sugars for a hypoglycemic patient
box of Rasins
juice
regular soda
hard candy
What is traction used for?
What would you teach your patient about decreasing the risk of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy?
monitor and Keep your blood sugars and blood pressure under control
Name some things you can teach parents to help prevent childhood type II diabetes
If a patient has a cast what is a priority action that a nurse should do? Why?
What intervention is used to relieve compartment syndrome?
Check sensation, movement, cap refill, pulse, temperature, pain, color.
Fasciotomy
What test is used to determine if a patient is compliant with their treatment.
Hgb A1c
Gives an average result from a 3 month period.
Signs/symptoms of fat embolism
Respiratory distress, petichiae rash, headache, confusion.