What piece of evidence suggests that we have been using the seas since early times?
Clam shells found in a South African cave 165,000 years ago
Who was the first person to circumnavigate the world?
Ferdinand Magellan
What is NOAA and what does it stand for?
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; a federal scientific and regulatory agency focused on the conditions of the oceans, waterways, and atmosphere
Who proposed the Theory of Continental Drift?
Alfred Wegener
What part of our ocean basins do marine ecosystems like kelp, coral reefs, and seagrasses form?
Continental shelf
Which group of people used stick charts to navigate our oceans?
The Polynesians
What is this?
The Gulf Stream
What modern tool is used to map the seafloor?
SONAR
Which crust is MORE dense?
Oceanic crust
These are large, flat featureless expanses of the seafloor.
Abyssal plains
Which group of people were the first to circumnavigate Africa and set up trade routes?
The Phoenicians
Which explorer was the first to see the Antarctic ice fields?
Jacques Cousteau
What forms from convergent plate boundaries colliding?
Trenches, volcanoes
Bonus: mountains
The energy from an earthquake is released as what kind of wave?
Seismic wave
What did the Vikings do better than anyone else?
Designed superior ships with flattened bottoms to access shallow waters
List two contributions of Charles Darwin.
Theory of Evolution and Natural Selection, mapped the coastlines, explained the formation of coral reef atolls, captured plankton to be studied, made extensive observations of the natural world.
What is this and what does it do?

RV FLIP studies ocean acoustics and waves
What is a hot spot?
A spot on the Earth's crust where magma constantly flows up creating volcanic islands (like Hawaii)
What is this photo showing?

A tsunami
What are the 3 reasons that scientific inquiry stopped in the Dark Ages?
1. Superstition
2. Black Death
3. Fuedalism
How did the Challenger Expedition affect marine science? (3 things)
1. Collected water, sediment, and biological samples.
2. Discovered thousands of unknown species
3. Laid the foundation for modern marine science.
This HOV dove down to the deepest point in the ocean. What is that point called?

"Challenger's Deep" in the Mariana Trench
This photo shows evidence of what?

How our continents were once together because we've found fossils of the same species of animals and plants throughout many of the continents of the world. So they must have been together at some point.
Hydrothermal vent