Cell Structure and Function
This macromolecule provides long-term storage of water and nutrients for the cell
What is vacuole?
These two organelles are present in plant cells but not animal cells
What are cell walls, chloroplasts, large central vacuole?
The three types of endocytosis
What is phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated cytosis?
This type of cell communication is facilitated through gap junctions.
What is direct contact?
In an experiment, when the pH was increased from 5 to 7 in an in vitro experiment, these structures purified from animal cells stopped digesting their contents.
What is lysosomes?
A scientist interested in studying how a cell makes hemoglobin should look at this organelle.
What are ribosomes
Transport proteins found on the cell membrane are created here.
What is rough ER?
Water entering the cell is an example of this type of diffusion.
What is facilitated diffusion?
this immune system is suppressed when the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) targets helper T cells
What is acquired immune system?
This structure helps fresh water protists such as paramecium maintain homeostasis of its salt concentration by pumping water out of the cell
What is the contractile vacuole?
This technique is appropriate for studying carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, but NOT DNA/RNA
What is mass spectrometry?
A certain gene mutation results in changes to a cell's drug detoxification and lipid biosynthesis what organelle function does this gene mutation affect.
What is smooth ER?
Name an example of primary active transport.
What is Na+ - K+ Pump?
Bristles on the spines of Golden barrel cactus are an example of what type of defense response?
What is physical defense?
This macromolecule is most essential for cell communication.
What is proteins?
What is the endomembrane system?
Rough ER -> Vesicle -> Golgi apparatus -> _______ -> Targets
What is vesicles?
The Na+/glucose cotransporter, relies on the movement of Na+ into the cell down its electrochemical gradient to move of glucose into the cell against its concentration gradient. It is an example of what type of transport
What is secondary active transport?
This molecule commonly serves as a second messenger in many signal transuction pathways
What is cAMP?
This structure is important for maintaining water pressure and movement of water in a tall plant?
What is the cell wall?
This theory suggests that eukaryotic cells evolved when multiple cells joined together into one.
What is endosymbiotic theory?
This organelle is used in evolutionary studies because its DNA is "highly conserved" or has a very low mutation rate across generations.
What is mitochondrion?
This process of adding a phosphate group to a protein changes the shape of the protein and allows other cellular processes to happen.
What is phosphorylation?
A scientist interested in how the neurotransmitter acetylcholine reaches target cells would be studying what cells?
What is nerve cells?
This type of receptor would bind to a lipid soluble hormone
What is cytosolic receptors?