Muscular System
The component of muscle anatomy that contains the contractile proteins for muscle contraction.
What is a sarcomere?
The connective tissue that connects the muscle to bone.
What is a tendon?
The hormone activated by resistance and anaerobic exercise that initiates a signaling cascade for muscle fiber hypertrophy.
What is IGF-1?
The progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder characterized by the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function.
What is sarcopenia?
The exercise mode that is most robust in preventing osteoporosis and sarcopenia.
What is resistance training?
Encasing of the muscle fiber to store calcium and direct action potentials across the length of a fiber.
What is the sarcoplasm reticulum?
The minerals that predominantly make up bone tissue.
What is calcium and phosphorus?
Other than the muscle fiber, this too increases in size with resistance and anaerobic training.
(Multiple answers will be accepted)
What is glycogen stores, sarcoplasm reticulum, and/or neurons?
The most prevalent type or arthritis that is characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in the joints.
What is osteoarthritis?
The starting recommended frequency of resistance training for an individual with sarcopenia and/or osteoporosis.
What is 1-2 days per week?
The contractile protein the causes a conformational change to tropomyosin to form a cross-bridge after being activated by calcium.
What is troponin?
The fibrous connective tissues has a crisscross/woven pattern of fibers.
What is ligaments?
The law that states bones adapt to the mechanical stresses placed upon them by undergoing remodeling.
What is Wolff's Law?
The T-score that diagnoses an individual with osteoporosis?
What is < -2.5?
If the goal of early life years is to maximize peak muscular development, then these are the goal of adult life and older life years.
A change to muscle mass or muscle structure through the aging process.
What is a decrease in muscle fiber number, muscle density, and/or muscle fiber type shifts?
(just need to get one for the points)
The connective tissue that provides structural support and decreases friction between bones.
What is cartilage?
The bone-forming cells that become more active in response to mechanical stress, laying down new bone tissue and increasing bone density and strength.
What are osteoblasts?
The syndrome resulting from an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure in athletes.
What is Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S)?
This macronutrient is imperative to maintain muscle and bone tissue and to promote exercise-associated adaptations.
What is protein?
This age-related affect to metabolism that may decrease exercise capacity due to causing fatigue fasted (i.e., decreased resistance to fatigue).
What is increased metabolites and decreased metabolite removal?
The type of fibers that make up tendons and ligaments.
What are collagen fibers?
The proprioceptor that disinhibits with consistent resistance training, allowing greater ranges of motion and more forceful contractions.
What is Golgi Tendon Organs (GTOs)?
The hormone that helps to maintain bone density by ensuring a greater osteoblast to osteoclast activity.
What is estrogen?
This anti-inflammatory supplement has shown to help muscle cells regain sensitivity to adaptations from exercise after the age of 30.
What is Omega-3 Fatty Acids?