Perception
The conceptual systems that allow us to organize and interpret unfamiliar information. This concept explains why something like, “Would you like to hum with your omelette?” causes confusion.
Schemas
Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere. A famous example of this concept is the failure to notice the gorilla in the basketball video.
Inattentional Blindess
Localized in the basal ganglia and cerebellum, this type of memory explains how people with dementia can exhibit highly skilled motor behaviors such as playing the piano.
Procedural/Implicit Memory
Rational Choice Theory (will also take Expected Utility Theory)
Name ONE variable other than intelligence that IQ is positively correlated with.
In Balcetis and Dunning's 2010 study, "Wishful Seeing," this object was perceived as closer among thirsty participants relative to non-thirsty participants.
A bottle of water
Searching for your friend in a crowd recruits this type of attentional process.
Top-down/Endogenous/Goal-oriented Attention.
The Span task is a measure of this type of memory.
Working/Short-term Memory
The tendency to search for and favor information that supports prior beliefs or values.
Confirmation Bias
Intelligence Quotient
Make sense of: Disguise They'll Him It.
The sky's the limit.
Fill in the blank with either "BEFORE" or "AFTER": In the Late Selection Theory of selective attention, the processing of meaning comes [BLANK] the selection filter.
Before
The two types of declarative/explicit memory.
Episodic and Semantic Memory
A heuristic in which we estimate the likelihood or frequency of an event based on how easily examples of that event come to mind.
The type of intelligence that refers to our ability to efficiently reason through logical problems.
Fluid Intelligence
In Halberstadt et al's 1995 study, "Resolution of Lexical Ambiguity by Emotional State," sad participants were more likely to spell "mourning" this way.
M-O-U-R-N-I-N-G.
Subitizing is an example of this type of attentional process.
Bottom-up/Exogenous/Stimulus-driven Attention
According to this principle, it would be more effective to study on a desk/table rather than on your bed.
Encoding Specificity Principle
This theory for how our brains developed helps explain the purpose of thinking. According to this argument, we think in order to live together with others.
The Social Brain Hypothesis
In Duckworth and Seligman's 2005 study, researchers found that THIS variable was more positively correlated with academic achievement than IQ was.
Self-discipline
Known for his dictum, "I think, therefore I am," this philosopher began doubting the existence of reality after observing how our senses can deceive us through optical illusions.
Rene Descartes
Name or describe 2 of the 3 interventions for improving attention that we examined for classwork.
(1) Attention training, (2) Mindfulness training, (3) Physical exercise.
Name AND briefly describe the TWO types of amnesia.
Retrograde amnesia: inability to recall past events
Anterograde amnesia: inability to form new memories
In Small and Lerner's 2008 study, "Emotional policy," participants in this induced mood were more likely to decrease welfare policies.
Anger
Name TWO of the four facets of the Luo people's conception of intelligence.
Rieko, Luoro, Paro, Winjo