Congress
Agreement that names the # of representatives allowed in Senate and the House of Reps
What is the Great Compromise?
President ignores a bill, and it dies if Congress ends session.
Pocket veto
This court case established Judicial Review
Marbury v. Madison
The connection between Congress, agencies, and interest groups.
What is an Iron Triangle?
A yearly speech where the president talks about issues and plans.
What is the State of the Union Address?
Lets Congress control trade between states.
What is the commerce clause?
This refers to the president using their position to influence people and push ideas through speeches and media.
What is the Bully Pulpit?
A past court decision used to guide future decisions
Precedent
When the government gives money to the states without much direction other than the topic it needs to be spent on (i.e. education, environmental issues)
What is a block grant?
A vote to end a filibuster (needs 60 senators).
What is cloture?
This lets Congress make laws to do its job even if it's not in the Constitution
What is the necessary and proper clause?
This law limits the scope of authority that the President has over the US Military.
What is the War Powers Act?
A court has this authority if they are hearing a case for the first time.
What is Original Jurisdiction?
The government provides financial support to states, but they tell the states exactly what it has to be spent on.
This is a deal the president makes with another country that doesn’t need Senate approval.
What is an executive agreement?
Groups that fix differences between House and Senate versions of a bill if they are different
What is a conference committee?
The president's appointed group of advisors that must be approved by Senate.
The Cabinet
Judges avoid overturning laws and instead defer to elected branches of government, only stepping in when something clearly violates the Constitution.
Judicial Restraint
These parts of the government MAKE and ENFORCE rules created by Congress (like the EPA, SEC, FEC).
What are regulatory agencies?
Money added to bills for specific local projects to help get favor in your district
What is Pork Barrel Legislation?
When lawmakers agree to vote for each other’s bills.
Logrolling
This amendment outlines the line of secession if the president dies/cannot do his duties
Latin phrase for “Let the decision stand” – courts follow earlier rulings.
Some agencies have this - they can create guidelines that act as laws meant to enforce things passed by Congress
Rule Making Authority
The power of the Senate to approve or reject the president’s appointments and treaties, acting as a check on executive power.
What is "advice and consent"