If you build it....
The process of turning DNA into mRNA is
Transcription
The total number of ATP produced by a molecule of glucose through aerobic respiration is typically ____.
32 (Can produce 36)
What type of epithelial tissue is bound in the urinary bladder? What is the benefit?
Transitional - allows for stretching
Name the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep.
Come Let's Get Sun Burned
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
Multiple layers of irregular, flat shaped cells would be classified as
stratified squamous
What nucleotides are found in RNA?
Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine
What are 3 characteristics of glycolysis?
Options:
1. Takes place in cytoplasm
2. Yields 2 ATP
3. Does not use oxygen
4. Feeds into the Citric Acid Cycle in presence of oxygen.
5. Byproducts enter Lactic Acid cycle with lack of oxygen.
Intercellular junctions
What is the main type of tissue found in the dermis?
What does tRNA do?
Define a codon.
It is a 3 pair sequence of mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid
The body's main form of storage for glucose is
glycogen.
Differentiate endocrine and exocrine glands.
Endocrine glands secrete directly into the blood.
Exocrine utilize a duct to secrete their contents.
List characteristics of Keratin
1. Durable, Water proof protein
2. Found in hair, nails, and superficial layer of epidermis
What is found in the dermis?
Blood vessels, nerves, receptors, hair follicles, glands.
Translation takes place in a ___________ and creates a _______________ chain.
Ribosome, polypeptide chain
Distinguish between anabolism and catabolism.
Anabolic - building of bigger structures from smaller ones (often by dehydration synthesis)
Catabolic - Breakdown of structures into smaller forms (often through hydrolysis)
What is the difference between Elastin and Elastic connective tissue?
Elastin is a stretchable fiber found in connective tissue.
Elastic Connective tissue is a class of tissue with large amounts of elastin often found in blood vessels and the ear.
What is the role of melanocytes? Distinguish between eumelanin and pheomelanin.
Melanocytes contain melanin which absorbs UV light.
Eumelanin - black pigment
Pheomelanin - red/orange pigment
What are the 3 main types of connective tissue fibers? Give a characteristic of each.
Collagen - thick threads like a rope, found in ligaments and tendons.
Elastic - contain elastin protein. Stretchy but not as strong. Vocal cords and airways
Reticular - Mesh-like with branching collagen fibers. Makes up organs like liver and spleen.
Which nucleotides are purines and which are pyrimidines?
Purines - Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines - Cytosine and Thymine
List 3 characteristics of enzymes.
1. Lower activation energy
2. Increase rate of chemical reactions
3. Are specific to particular substrates
4. Are not changed in the chemical reaction they assist with
Classify Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.
Skeletal - Voluntary and striated (biceps)
Smooth - Involuntary and non-striated (intestines)
Cardiac - Involuntary and striated (heart)
What are the mechanisms of heat loss?
Radiation - heat at surface disperses into environment (Most common)
Conduction - Heat moves between objects in contact
Convection - Air moves over skin to cool it (fans)
Evaporation - surface liquid carries heat away as it dries
Name some of the basic components of Connective Tissue.
Ground substance, chondrocytes, mast cells, fibroblasts, Macrophages