Atoms
What is the charge of a proton, neutron, and electron?
Proton = positive
Neutron = Neutral
Electron = Negative
If a molecule has an even share of electrons is it polar or nonpolar?
Polar
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme?
Protein
What is a catalyst?
Something that speeds up reactions in living things by lowering the activation energy
What macromolecule is the most abundant in the human body?
if an atom transfers an electron to another atom to form a bond, what type of bond is being formed?
Ionic Bond
Is a nonpolar molecule hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Hydrophobic
Which macromolecule is used for quick energy? Which do we store for long-term energy?
Carbs = quick energy
Lipids = long-term
What suffix do we see in all enzyme names?
-ase
What is the monomer & polymer of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides & polysaccharides
Covalent Bond
Which atom on the water molecule has a slightly negative charge?
Which atoms have a slightly positive charge?
Oxygen is slightly negative, the two hydrogen atoms are slightly positive
Which macromolecule contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous?
Nucleic Acids
What is the name of the compound that binds to the enzyme?
Substrate
What is denaturation in enzymes?
When temperature or pH change the shape of an enzyme so it can no longer bind to a substrate and carry out a reaction
If an atom loses an electron, does it become positively or negatively charged?
Positively Charged
Gains electrons = negatively charged
What bond forms between water molecules?
What bonds form between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms?
Hydrogen bonds between water molecules, covalent bonds between the oxygen and hydrogen
What is the monomer and polymer name for proteins?
Amino acids & polypeptides
What is activation energy?
The amount of energy we need to start a reaction.
When water striders glide on ponds, what special property of water is being shown?
Surface tension - cohesion
What 4 elements make up the majority of the human body?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
What two properties of water best describe how water is able to travel up the roots to the very top of a plant?
Capillary action = adhesion & cohesion
What are two polymer examples of nucleic acids and where can we find them?
DNA and RNA, in all living things
If a reaction is endothermic, is there more bond breaking or making?
Is energy being released or stored?
Bond breaking and energy is being stored.
What is the difference between a synthesis and decomposition reaction with enzymes?
Synthesis = joining two compounds to make a larger compound
Decomposition = breaking apart a larger compound into smaller compounds