ENERGY BASICS
Which type of energy is the energy of motion?
Kinetic energy
What type of energy is stored in a stretched bow?
At which point on a roller coaster does the car have the most kinetic energy?
At its lowest point
Which has more thermal energy: a large pot of water or a small pot of water at the same temperature?
The large pot of water
Why does a pendulum eventually stop swinging?
Energy is transferred to the surroundings (air, sound, thermal energy)
Which type of energy is a form of potential energy?
Gravitational energy
When an arrow is released from a bow, elastic energy transforms into what type of energy?
Kinetic energy
At which point does the roller coaster car have the most gravitational energy?
Where does the extra thermal energy come from when a cold soda warms up?
The air in the room
What type of energy is greatest at the bottom of a pendulum’s swing?
Kinetic energy
Which situation does not represent energy being converted?
A book sitting on a desk
Which factor does not affect the amount of elastic energy in an object?
Speed
Which two energy types are present at the top of a hill?
Gravitational energy and kinetic energy
What two factors affect how much thermal energy an object has?
Temperature and mass
What happens to the energy of a bouncing ball after each bounce?
The energy decreases
Which energy type is associated with temperature?
Thermal Energy
What happens to gravitational energy as an object moves downward?
Which change would not affect the total energy of a roller coaster car?
Changing the color of the car
Do cold objects still have thermal energy?
Yes
What types of energy are involved when a rubber ball bounces?
Gravitational, kinetic, elastic, sound, and thermal energy
Explain why a moving object always has kinetic energy but does not always have gravitational energy.
A moving object always has kinetic energy because it is in motion, but gravitational energy depends on an object’s height and position.
A rubber band is stretched twice as far. How does this affect the elastic energy stored, and why?
The elastic energy increases because greater stretching stores more energy in the object.
A roller coaster starts at a higher hill than before. How does this change the car’s total energy and why?
The total energy increases because starting at a greater height increases gravitational energy.
Two objects have the same temperature, but one has more mass. Which has more thermal energy and why?
The object with more mass has more thermal energy because it has more particles moving.
Explain why a pendulum’s height decreases with each swing even though energy is conserved.
Energy is transferred to the surroundings as sound and thermal energy, so less energy remains in the pendulum system.