Vocabulary
What is a blockade?
a closing off of an area to keep people or supplies from going in or out
What were the first two political parties in the United States and who were their leaders?
Federalist (Alexander Hamilton)
Democratic-Republicans (Thomas Jefferson)
Who won the War of 1812?
Neither Great Britain or the United States won.
(Additional information: The Treaty of Ghent stopped the war but didn't fix the issues. The problems of impressment and ship seizures gradually stopped as countries in Europe stopped fighting.)
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
a revolt by farmers in 1794 against an excise tax on whiskey
During John Adam's presidency, was the country at war?
No
What is an embargo?
a government order that forbids trade with another country
What was the major issue that separated the Federalist from the Democratic-Republicans?
How large and powerful the federal government should be
When Jefferson placed an embargo on trade, who was hurt the most? Why?
American sea workers because an embargo is an order that forbids trade with another country. This stopped sea workers from working.
What could have prevented the Battle of New Orleans?
Having faster communication
Daily Double:
What is the major difference between loose construction and strict construction? Who were the major supporters of each philosophy?
Loose construction-broad interpretation of the Constitution, meaning Congress has powers beyond those specifically given in the Constitution-Hamilton
Strict Construction-a narrow interpretation of the Constitution, meaning that Congress has only powers specifically given in the Constitution-Jefferson)
Term for the crime of encouraging rebellion against the government
sedition
Which event led to the 12th Amendement?
The Election of 1800
Independence movement in Latin America
What was Washington's Farewell Address and what did he talk about?
Parting/goodbye message when he was leaving office
Warned against threats to the nations future including political parties
What were the three cabinets/positions that Washington first created in the Executive Branch?
Secretary of State (Thomas Jefferson)
Treasury Department
Department of State
Department of War
What does nullify mean?
to refuse to recognize a federal law
Explain how Hamilton and Jefferson differed on their views of Great Britain and France.
Democratic-Republicans (Jefferson) believed that the French Revolution was a good thing. They thought that the death of a few wealthy people was worth the price of freedom.
Federalists (Hamilton) was against the French Revolution. They favored Great Britain and saw i as a model country because they were powerful, respected, and could defend themselves.
What country killed 21 United States sailors?
Great Britain
What was the Jay Treaty?
Great Britain and France were at war. Great Britain started taking United States merchant ships. Adams's sent John Jay to London (capital of Great Britain) and they came to an agreement. France felt like this was a betrayal because of their agreement from the Revolution.
What was the Monroe Doctrine? Why was it important?
Declaration by President James Monroe in 1823 that the Western Hemisphere (North and South America) was no longer open to European colonization. It was important because it told the world that the United States was no longer weak. It was a strong nation to be respected.
Neutrality is a policy of not choosing a side in arguments or wars between other countries.
Isolationism is about avoiding political or military agreements with foreign countries.
Explain the positions that Hamilton and Jefferson had in regards to the countries economy.
Federalist (Hamilton): believed the economy needed to be based in trade and needed to pay off the national debt. Wanted to have a national bank to handle the countries finances.
Democratic-Republicans (Jefferson): believed the economy should be based on agriculture and opposed the national bank. Believed it was unconstitutional and they only loaned to business people and not farmers.
What were major threats for the United States?
-Surrounded by territories controlled by other countries (France, Spain, and Great Britain)
-Great Britain wouldn't leave the Ohio Territory
-Great Britain and France were at war and attempting to pull the United States into the middle
What happened during the War of 1812?
-James Madison was president
-War with Great Britain (started June 18, 1812)
-Several key battles at land and Sea (Battle of New Orleans)
-No one won the war, Treaty of Ghent ended the war but nothing was solved
Choose one of the presidents (Adams, Jefferson, Madison, or Monroe) and explain the foreign policy issue of their time.
Adams's: France attacked U.S. Ships. Kept U.S. at peace by making a treaty with France.
Jefferson's: threats on the sea, passed the Embargo Act of 1807, unsuccessful
Madison's: tried to negotiate with France and Great Britain but attacks at sea continued. Abandoned isolationism and declared war on Great Britain (War of 1812).
Monroe's: supported new Latin American states and issued Monroe Doctrine telling European countries to respect the Latin American's people new freedom.