The Middle Ages
How long did the Middle Ages last?
1,000 Years
What is Yersina Pestis?
The bacteria that caused plague
How did the plague spread?
Fleas on Rats.
Who was at the very top of Pyramid of Feudalism?
The Church or the Pope
What does excommunication mean?
Removing someone from the Church or communication with God. (The Church usually did this)
What is a manor? Or, what is manorialism?
A large piece of land owned by a lord during the Middle Ages.
Cathedrals
The King often granted the land to Important _______ who pledged their loyalty by swearing to serve and protect the king in a time of need by providing knights.
Lord or vassal
What are three results of the Crusades?
-Increased Trade -End of Feudalism -Spread of Ideas/Knowledge, more crusades
What were the duties of the Lord of the manor toward the people that pledged allegiance to them by working?
To protect them and their land.
This was the conflict between the Holy Roman Emperor and the Pope over the appointment of church officials. *Double Jeopardy*
Investiture Controversy
What were 3 short term effects of the plague?
Mass burials, people fleeing to the country, peasant revolts, work stopped, higher wages for workers, clergy members dying,
What were 2 of the defining characteristics of cathedrals?
Tall spires, pointed arches, flying buttresses, ribbed vaults
Where does the Dark Ages get their name from?
What did the church sell to its followers that would allow family members into heaven or forgiveness for their sins?
Sale of indulgences, or indulgences.
What was the city that the Mongols laid seige to where they catapaulted dead bodies of those who had died from the plague over the walls? *Double Jeopardy*
Caffa
What was the most valuable resource during the Middle Ages and Feudalism? Why was it the most valuable?
Land was the most valuable resource. Land could be rented out by lords or the Church and taxed for money. Land was also used to grow crops and raise livestock for food in order to survive. Also, the more land that a noble owned, the more knights they could potentially have in their service.
Name 3 things that the church did to scare its followers into obedience.
Hell mouth sculptures and carvings, paintings, reading Dante's Inferno, weeping sculptures,
Which institution restored order to Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire? How did they accomplish this?
- Roman Catholic Church - They gave people faith in life after death and a defining purpose in a rough time in history. Church institutions also gave to the poor and were a strong support system for communities to lean on.
What does the term self-sufficient mean? Why did a manor house have to be self-sufficient?
- The ability to provide for ALL of your own needs. - The manor was self sufficient because most people on the manor were not allowed to leave. Also, trade was not an option.
Name three long term effects of the bubonic plague.
100 Bonus points if you have a fraction in your answer somewhere! (possible for everyone)
- The downfall of the Feudal System, the rise of cities, doubt in the church, population loss (1/3 or 1/2)
What was the purpose of Feudalism?
Feudalism structured society after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. Its structure allowed people to be protected from Viking raids and invasion from others who wished to control that land. It was also based on land, which was needed to grow food and keep livestock.
What were the tasks of monks at a medieval monastery?
Mainly to work, pray and meditate. Monks were also educated and could spend time reading and preserving classical scriptures or studying other topics.