C1: The History of the Universe
C2: Galaxies
Properties of Stars
Star Evolution
100
According to the big bang theory, which statement is accurate about how the universe came to be?
A- It expanded slowly.
B- It gradually warmed.
C - Stars and galaxies formed.
D- Atoms such as hydrogen were destroyed.
🌌C- Stars and galaxies formed.🌌
100
What are the two main types of star clusters?
A- binary and wobbling
B- eclipsing and binary
C- globular and eclipsing
D- open and globular
D - Open and Globular
100
What is a nebula?
A- the core of a massive star
B- a cloud of gas and dust in space
C- a swirling disk with a lot of gravity
D- the debris remaining after a supernova
B- a cloud of gas and dust in space
100
What happens first when a star begins to run out of fuel?
A- The star’s core shrinks.
B- The star becomes a black hole.
C -The star becomes a white dwarf.
D- The star’s outer layer drifts away.
A- The star’s core shrinks.
200
Which object(s) formed last in our solar system? 
A- the Sun
B- the solar nebula
C- the inner planets
D- the planetesimals
C- Inner Planets
200
How many miles is one light-year?
5.88 x 10 12 ~ 6,000,000,000,000 miles ~
Light travels around 6 trillion miles in one second.
200
What is released through nuclear fusion in stars?
A- energy
B- gas
C- mass
D- pressure
Energy
200
Which factor causes gas and dust to pull together during the first stage of star formation?
A- density
D- gravity
C- heat
D- pressure
D- gravity
300
What can be observed only by observing its effects on gravity?
A- dark matter
B- a solar nebula
C- gas and dust
D- a planetesimal
A- dark matter
300
Which type of galaxy has arms that contain sites of active star formation and start close to a bulge in the center?
A- elliptical
B- irregular
C- barred spiral
D- normal spiral
D- Spiral
300
Which two characteristics are used to classify stars on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram? 
temperature and absolute brightness (Luminosity)
300
Which property of a star is closely related to its temperature?
A- brightness
B- color
C- composition
D- size
B- color
400
Which is one piece of information that astronomers use to calculate the age of the universe? 
patterns of microwave background radiation
400
Which type of galaxy is shown?
elliptical, irregular, normal spiral, barred spiral
Elliptical
400
What will a medium-mass star become at the very end of its life cycle? 
White Dwarf
400
Which object is created during the formation of a star?
A- a nebula
B- a protostar
C- a supergiant
D- a supernova
B- a protostar
500
Put the stages of the solar systems' formation in order using the A,B, C, D , and E letters.
A- The Solar Nebula
B- The inner planets
C- The Sun
D- The planetesimals
E- Outer Planets
A --> C --> D --> B --> E
500
What type of galaxy is our Milky Way galaxy?
Normal Spiral
500
Look at the graph. What is the name of the star that is the largest in size, the most luminous, and the coolest?
Betelgeuse ( Red Super Giant)
500
Put the life stages of a star from birth to die in order using A,B,C,D,E ,and F.
A- Gravity pulls gas and dust together.
B- Star's core starts to shrink
C- Nuclear fusion begins under high pressure.
D- Protostar is formed.
E- Star run out of fuel over the billion years
F - Star turns into either white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole depending on the size of its mass.
A-D- C- E - B -F
600
What do scientists know about the future of the universe?
A- what dark matter is made of
B- why the expansion of the universe is accelerating
C- that stars will eventually burn out causing the universe to become cold and dark
D- that galaxies spin much slower than they should based on visible matter
C- that stars will eventually burn out causing the universe to become cold and dark
600
Which phrase best defines a galaxy?
A- tightly packed group of older stars
B- large grouping of more than two stars
C- loose, disorganized star cluster held together by gravity
D- large collection of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity
D- large collection of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity
600
How is the Sun classified?
A-as a giant star
B-as a medium star
C- as a white dwarf
D- as a neutron star
B-as a medium star
600
Some objects in space are created from clouds of gas and dust.
What will happen if the cloud does not have enough mass?
A- A core will form.
B- A star will not form.
C- A protostar will form.
D- A nebula will not form.
B- A star will not form.