Disease Types
Name a non-infectious disease
Diabetes, cancer, asthma, type 1 diabetes, etc
Are prions considered alive?
No, they are non-living proteins
Name one key feature of bacteria
Unicellular, prokaryotic, microscopic, etc
Name a disease caused by protists
Malaria, etc
What is the smallest type of pathogen?
Prion
What makes a disease infectious?
The ability to spread between individuals, usually through a pathogen
How do prions cause damage in the body.
They cause proteins to misfold, leading to brain damage.
What is a beneficial use of fungi?
Decomposing organic matter, making bread/ cheese/ medicine (penicillin), etc
Define parasite & host
Parasites live in other organisms (host) and benefits at the hosts cost
What is the largest type of pathogen?
Parasite
Contrast infectious and non-infectious diseases
Non-infectious diseases cannot be spread and are not caused by pathogens (hereditary, lifestyle, etc)
They can contain RNA or DNA, but not both
Why are antibiotics usually effective against bacteria?
Antibodies target bacterial structures like cell walls or ribosomes
How do parasites spread between hosts? (name one)
Through vectors such as mosquitoes, contaminated food/water, or direct contact
Name a eukaryotic pathogen
Fungi, protists, parasites
Is cancer an infectious disease? Explain why/why not
No, cancer is not infectious as it is not caused by a pathogen, it is caused by the environment or a mutation
How do viruses reproduce?
Through invading a host cell and using the cell to replicate infected cells
Give an example of a fungal disease
What is a key feature of protists? (name one)
Mostly unicellular, eukaryotic, may move with flagella or cilia
What are the two pathogens that do not contain cells
Prions and viruses
Describe how diabetes is different from malaria
Diabetes is non-infectious and caused by genetics or lifestyle factors
Malaria is infectious and caused by protists (pathogen) carried by mosquitoes
Compare and contrast prions and viruses
Both are non-cellular and infectious
Viruses contain genetic material to replicate in host cells
Prions are only misfolded proteins
Compare the cell types of bacteria and fungi
Bacteria are prokaryotic
Fungi are eukaryotic
Compare cell structures of parasites and bacteria
Parasites are eukaryotic and often multicellular,
Bacteria are prokaryotes and unicellular
Which pathogen type does not contain genetic material and causes neurodegenerative diseases?
Prion