Silk Road
Name for large group of merchant-travelers
Caravan
Define: pastoral nomads
migratory people who herded sheep and goats
Primary motivation for Mongol Conquests
Escape from harsh conditions via wealth of the Silk Road
Primary natural transport through trans-Saharan trade routes
CAMELS
Name three technologies which increased trade along Indian Ocean
compass, paper maps, lateen sails, junks, dhows, stern rudders, astrolabe
Three causes of renewed trade along the silk road between 750 and 1450 CE.
Abbasid Caliphate, Crusades, Mongols, New Technologies
Name of the Mongol leader under who their main conquests began
Temujin
The title "Genghis Khan" means:
Ruler of all
Name of West African kingdom that traded with the Abbasid Caliphate and its successor
Ghana; Mali
Name two major traders along Indian Ocean trade routes and what they generally exported
India - high quality cotton fabrics, steel, leather, stonework, pepper; Malaysia and Indonesia - nutmeg, cinnamon, cloves, cardamom; Swahili Coastal Cities - Enslaved peoples, ivory, gold, China - silk and porcelain; Southwest Asia - horses, figs, dates
Terms for waystations every hundred miles to rest or trade out camels
Caravanserai
The first major imperial conquest of the Mongols in 1210
Jin Empire in northern China
Three military advantages of Mongols
Horses, bows, false surrender, excellent communication, intentional misinformation, mapping terrain
The three main exports of the the Mali Empire
Gold, ivory, enslaved peoples
Essential climatic understanding for trade along the Indian Ocean
Monsoon winds
Coalition of city states to protect trade in the North and Baltic Seas
Hanseatic League
Name of the Khanate and Khan which captured Moscow in 1240 CE
Golden Horde; Batu
Unlikely military alliance which stopped the westward expansion of the Il-Khanate
Christian Crusaders and Mamluk Muslims
Founder of the Empire of Mali and his presumed religion
Sundiata, Islam
Chinese Muslim explorer and Admiral who took seven voyages at the command of Yongle
Zheng He
System of IOUs which increased trade in Song Dynasty China AND the institutions its inspired in Europe.
Flying Cash; Banking Houses
Name three long terms effects of the Mongol Conquests
increased trade during Pax Mongolica, cultural exchange, spread of bubonic plague, spread of centralized power, end of knights, end of walled cities
Name of religious community and military leader that overcame the Yuan Dynasty in 1368.
White Lotus; Zhu Yuanzhang
Rich ruler of Mali who goes on Hajj AND what he builds with his wealth when he returns
Mansa Musa; Mosques and religious schools
Medieval Malaysian city which grew wealthy from taxing all maritime trade which passed through its strait
Malacca