ABGs/Obstructive Shock
Movement of air in and out of the airways
What is ventilation?
This occurs when there is an accumulation of blood in the pleural space
What is hemothorax?
These can include nose and sinus problems, respiratory infections, allergens, cigarette smoke, air pollutants, exercise, certain drugs, or certain food/food additives
What are triggers of asthma?
These include cough, green/yellow/rust-colored sputum, fever, chills, dyspnea, tachypnea, and pleuritic chest pain
What is S/S of Pneumonia?
Mild dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, restlessness; ABGs indicating mild hypoxemia and respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation
What are early manifestations of ARDS?
These organs help to maintain the acid-base status that is vital for survival. One controls CO2 while the other control HCO3
What are the lungs and kidneys?
This is a medical emergency that occurs when can enter the pleural space, but cannot escape
What is a Tension Pneumothorax?
This occurs with severe airway obstruction or impending respiratory failure and may be life-threatening; considered an ominous sign
What is a silent chest?
This classification of influenza is the most common and includes mutated viruses
What is Influenza A?
These include sepsis and lung injury
What are predisposing factors to ARDS?
This develops when physical obstruction to blood flow occurs with decreased CO and is caused by restricted diastolic filling the RV from compression
What is obstructive shock?
To help promote and monitor this, nurses should keep the CT below the chest, measure, and avoid stripping or milking the CT
What is chest drainage?
Theses include reduced mobility, fractures, history of VTE, cancer, obesity, smoking, oral contraceptive/hormone therapy, prolonged air travel, HF, pregnancy and clotting disorders
What are risk factors for PE?
Includes H &P, chest x-ray, pulse oximetry, ABGs, sputum gram stain with culture and sensitivity, blood cultures, and CBC with differential
What are Diagnostic studies for Pneumonia?
This is a severe form of acute respiratory failure that occurs in response to pulmonary or systemic insults
What is ARDS?
Lab values: pH 7.22, paCo2 49, HCO3 28
What is respiratory acidosis, partially compensated?
Placement of tube higher and anterior in chest to remove air and expand lung (2nd intercostal space)
What is Pneumothorax placement?
This includes prevention, supporting cardiopulmonary status, and treatment including drug therapy and surgical therapy
What is interprofessional care for PE?
This includes fluids, rest, antivirals, and antipyretics and analgesia for symptom management
What is Influenza Management?
This occurs when someone is receiving an adequate amount of oxygen, but their blood oxygen level remains low
What is refractory hypoxemia?
Lab values: pH 7.56, paCo2 20, HCO3 20
What is respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated?
Seeing continuous bubbling in a pleurovac system without suction is reflective of this.
What is an air leak?
This measures the volume of air expelled from the lungs during forceful exhalation
What is a PEFR?
This includes initial empiric therapy with IV antibiotics until stable, then proceeds to oral antibiotics
What is Drug Therapy for Community-Acquired Pneumonia?
This an option for refractory hypoxemia when other strategies fail to increase PaO2
What is prone positing?