Locke and Montesquieu (1.4)
an implied agreement among the people of an organized society that defines the rights, duties, and limitations of the governed and the government
Social Contract
popular or representative system where the people create and run their own government
Self-Government
a city-state in ancient Greece
Polis
a form of government in which political power is held by the people; may be direct or indirect
Democracy
the philosopher who believed in separation of powers when establishing a government
Baron de Montesquieu
a principle of government that sets up a structural division of responsibilities within distinct branches, each with their own powers and processes
Separation of Powers
a government document written in 1689 that expanded the powers of the English Parliament and expanded the rights of the people, as well as further limited the rights of the king
English Bill of Rights
the basic principles and laws of a nation or state that determine the powers and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people in it; usually a written document
Constitution
a government that has been limited in power by a constitution, or written agreement
Limited Government
a philosopher who believed in natural rights and social contract
John Locke
rights an individual is born with that cannot be given or taken by government (ex. life, liberty, pursuit of happiness); also known as inalienable/unalienable rights
Natural Rights
a pamphlet published by Thomas Paine in 1776 to convince the American colonists to support becoming independent from Great Britain
Common Sense
participation in issues of public concern; also known as civic engagement
Civic Participation
a form of government in which there is democratic voting, but governmental power is limited by the existence of a constitution that protects the rights of citizens
Constitutional Republic
the beliefs and practices of those following the Jewish and Christian religions such as ethical ideas of justice, individual worth, personal responsibility and rule of law
a principle of government that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches
Checks and Balances
an agreement between individuals that created a government that would provide order and protect the rights of the colonists; written by a group of English Puritans in Massachusetts in 1620
Mayflower Compact
a principle of government that sets up a structural division of responsibilities within distinct branches, each with their own powers and processes
Separation of Powers
a form of monarchy in which the king or queen shares authority with an elected legislature and agrees to be bound by a constitution or a set of laws, also known as a constitutional monarchy
Limited Monarchy
ancient civilization that influenced America's constitutional republic in areas such as civic participation, legislative bodies, voting rights, and a written constitution
Ancient Greece
State of Nature = _______
Anarchy
a government document that limited the power of the king of England and protected the rights of the nobility; written in 1215
Magna Carta
the good characteristics, attitudes, practices, and activities of participants in a political system
Civic Virtue
the political belief that supports the idea of republican government where citizens choose their representatives and leaders and actively participate in civic life for the common good of the nation/community
Republicanism
ancient civilization that influenced America's constitutional republic in areas such as civic participation, republicanism, rule of law, representative government, and separation of powers
Ancient Rome