Waves, Tides, and Currents
Water Cycle
Fresh water vs. Saltwater
Oceans
Graphics
100
What controls tides?
The moon's gravitational pull
100
What are the processes of the water cycle?
Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, transpiration, and runoff
100
How much water do we have on Earth?
75%
100
What are the five oceans?
Pacific, Arctic, Indian, Southern, Atlantic
100
A. Rivers/Streams & Clouds
B. Oceans & Groundwater
C. Groundwater and Ice caps/Glaciers
D. Lakes/Ponds & Atmosphere
C. Groundwater and Ice caps/Glaciers
200
A rhythmic movement of energy carried through matter or space
wave
200
What is the most important factor driving the water cycle? A. plants and trees in the biosphere B. the surface features of Earth C. water in the hydrosphere D. the energy from the Sun
D. the energy from the sun
200
Which of these is a freshwater reservoir? A. Gulf of Mexico B. Pacific Ocean C. Atlantic tidal basin D. Antarctic polar ice
D. Antarctic polar ice
200
An iceberg breaks off of a glacier and floats into the ocean. In the ocean, the iceberg begins to melt. Which temporary effect does this melting have on ocean water in the immediate area of the iceberg? A. The melting ice lowers the freezing point of the ocean water.
B. The melting ice reduces the salinity of the ocean water.
C. The melting ice releases the carbon dioxide stored in ocean water.
D. The melting ice increases the acidity of the ocean water.
B. The melting ice reduces the salinity of the ocean water.
200
What part of the model represents the formation of clouds?
A. Lamp shining on bottle
B. Drops running down side of bottle
C. Tiny droplets forming at top of bottle
D. Water sitting in the bottom of bottle
C. Tiny droplets forming at top of bottle
300
Ocean currents, like the Gulf Stream, affect world climate by A. spreading plant and animal life over a wider area. B. ensuring ocean density is not the same globally. C. carrying sediment from rivers and inland basins. D. transferring heat to and from various regions.
D. transferring heat to and from various reasons
300
What is transpiration?
the process where plants absorb water through the roots and then give off water vapor through pores in their leaves
300
The water cycle describes the movement of water on Earth. About 96% of water on Earth is the salt water found in oceans. The remaining 4% is fresh water. Where would the majority of the fresh water on Earth be found? A. groundwater and aquifers B. swamps and wetlands C. ice caps and glaciers D. lakes and rivers
C. ice caps and glaciers
300
Which statement BEST describes the effect of the Sun on the oceans? A. The Sun influences the formation of waves. B. The Sun creates water particles. C. The Sun’s rays cause organisms to come to the surface. D. The Sun provides minerals
A. The Sun influences the formation of waves
300
Liquid that falls to the ground in the form of rain, sleet, hail, or snow is –
Precipitation
400
Which statement about ocean currents is accurate? A. Ocean currents influence life at the shore.
B. Ocean currents keep the ocean temperature unstable.
C. Ocean currents are a major cause of glacier formation.
D. Ocean currents stir nutrients to help in the production of oxygen.
D. Ocean currents stir nutrients to help in the production of oxygen.
400
After the presentation, students were asked to make inferences about the various processes involved in the water cycle. The students made four inferences:
1. Condensation is a process involving the hydrosphere and biosphere.
2. Transpiration is a process involving the biosphere and atmosphere.
3. Evaporation is a process involving the hydrosphere and atmosphere.
4. Precipitation is a process involving the biosphere and geosphere.
Which of the students' inferences are correct?
A. 1 and 2 B. 1 and 4 C. 2 and 3 D. 3 and 4
C. 2 and 3
400
Most of the fresh water on Earth is A. highly polluted. B. in the frozen state. C. used for agriculture. D. purified for drinking.
B. in the frozen state
400
Why is the pH of ocean water higher than the pH of normal tap water? A. ocean water contains salts of weak acids. B. ocean water contains salts of weak bases. C. ocean water contains more oxygen than tap water. D. ocean water contains fewer minerals than tap water.
A. ocean water contains salts of weak acids.
400
Adding heat to water makes it more likely to –
evaporate
500
a directional movement of ocean water, surface currents result from steady winds over the ocean’s surface; deep currents result from density variations due to
temperature and salinity differences
current
500
During which season will the process of evaporation occur at the highest rate? A. winter B. summer C. spring D. fall
B. summer
500
Water on Earth is constantly moving upward and downward. Which two forces are responsible for this motion?
A. The Sun’s radiation and gravity
B. The polar ice caps and oceans
C. Plants, animals, and human activity
D. Rivers, streams, and tributaries
A. The Sun’s radiation and gravity
500
Which two statements in the table are true about the changing salt concentrations of ocean water?
1 When Earth’s ice increases, ocean water gets saltier.
2 When Earth’s ice increases, ocean water gets less salty.
3 When ocean water evaporates, the water gets saltier.
4 When ocean water evaporates, the water gets less salty.
A. 1 and 3 B. 1 and 4 C. 2 and 3 D. 2 and 4
A. 1 and 3
500
Why does water change state as it move through the water cycle?
Its temperature increases and decreases.