Mutations and Genetics
Name the process between to synthesize RNA to Protein
Translation
Which of the chemical controls does inhibits the cell in two different ways and what are those ways?
Alcohol: denatures protein and disrupts cell membrane
Name the 4 things that antibiotics target in the cell
-cell wall
-proteins
-cell metabolism
-DNA/RNA processes
Name the scientist that developed a treatment for syphilis.
Paul Ehrlich
Which microbe is part of the fermentation of bread and what type of fermentation does the microbe undergo?
Alcohol fermentation
Draw a nucleotide
What does filtration do to a substance?
Sterilizes
Name what penicillin targets.
Pentaglycine links
Name a narrow spectrum drug.
Polymyxin and penicillin
Explain what bio-fertilizers do.
They are a large population of beneficial microbes that convert atmospheric nitrogen to a an nitrogen that plants can use.
Name 3 differences between DNA and RNA
- RNA uses uracil
- DNA is double stranded, RNA is single stranded
-DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses ribose sugar
Draw a microbacteriocidal and microbacteriostatic graph.
Name the substrate that sulfa drugs impersonate.
PABA
What are practices that can cause antibiotic resistance?
-microbes adapt quickly to selective pressures
-inappropriate use
-over use
-overcrowding of animals
Define and give an example of bio controls agents and explain what that example does.
Biocontrol agents cause disease in insects that eat the plants and control the growth of other microbes that cause plant diseases
Ex: pseudomonas fluorescence or BT
bacteria that produces and antibiotic against pathogenic microbes that cause disease in the plants
Nonsense mutation
What did Joseph Lister do?
Used a chemical disinfectant to prevent surgical wound infections
Which group of people were most affected by Ignaz Semmelwise's work?
Women in labor
Draw and explain the graph of microbial growth when a patient does not follow the prescribed time of an antibiotic.
Name the products of fermentation
-2 lactic acid
-2 ethanol + CO^2
Physical: radiation
Chemical: Mustard gas
Environmental: Comestics
What is the difference between antimicrobial drugs and antibiotics?
Antimicrobial drugs are synthetic drugs made by humans and antibiotics are natural drugs made by other microbes to attack other microbes.
Name which antibiotics are cidal and static.
DNA/RNA- cidal
Cell Wall-cidal
Protein synthesis- static
Folic Acid- static
What are two ways that humans can prevent antibiotic resistance? Explain those two ways.
Limit drug use.
Proper drug use.
Narrow range antibiotics
Multiple drug treatments
Which of the following is not a part of the things that microorganisms must do?
1) help us grow food
2) it can itself be food
3) help to preserve food
4) make food more accessible
make food more accessible