Earth Layers
What are the 2 types of crust?
Continental and Oceanic
What does PANGEA mean?
All Earth
Locations of magma and lava
Magma - under the earth
Lava- earths surface
Define earthquake
natural ground vibration caused by fault movement
Mechanical and Chemical
Which part of a layer of the Earth causes the crust to move?
Middle Mantle
Asthensophere
List what is made at Divergent Boundaries in the ocean and on continents
In ocean: Mid-ocean ridges
On continents: Rift Valleys
What are the percentages of the types of volcanoes:
Convergent, divergent, hotspots
80, 15, 5
What are the 2 major parts to a fault?
Hanging wall and footwall
Hydrolysis: the chemical reaction of water with other substances
Oxidation: the chemical reaction of oxygen with other substances
Acids: Carbon dioxide turns into carbonic acids when it mixes with water
Explain the convection currents
Hot material rises due to the heat from the core
Cooled by crust
Cool materials sink to be warmed again
In each of the types of convergent boundaries name the plate that will always subduct:
O/O
O/C
C/C
O/O - one oceanic plate
O/C - oceanic plate
C/C - neither, will lift
What are hotspots?
Hot regions not near a plate boundary
Order the earthquake waves from fastest to slowest?
P waves (primary)
S wave (secondary)
L wave (surface)
What is the difference between erosion and deposition?
Erosion is the movement of weathered materials
Depositions is the dropping/stopping of weathered materials
What makes the outer core magnetic?
Movement of the iron liquid in the OC creates electrical currents that stretch around the Earth.
List what is made at Convergent Boundaries:
O/C , O/O, C/C
O/C : trenches in the ocean, and volcanoes or mountains on the land
O/O: Volcanic arcs/islands and Trenches
C/C: mountain ranges or volcanoes
Define viscosity
The amount of substance in lava can change the flow
More substance - slower
Less substance - faster
What tool does scientist use to detect earthquakes? How many do you need to find the epicenter?
Seismographs, 3
A. Igneous: ___________: Sediments
B. Sedimentary: _____________: Metamorphic Rock
C. Lava: Cooling/Crystallizing: ______________
A. Weathering
B. Heat and Pressure
C. Igneous Rock
List the thickness of the layers of the Earth. Circle the thickest/biggest layer
Inner core: 800 mi thick
Outer Core: 1400 mi thick
Mantle: 1,800 mi thick (the thickest)
Crust: 35 miles thick
What happens at Transform boundaries
Earthquakes
Rocks that are more permeable have more open spaces exposed to weathering agents.