Rivers
This is the river that ancient Egypt was built around.
The Nile
In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh was seen as both a ______ and a ________.
King and a god.
What are hieroglyphics?
Ancient Egypt's written language.
Both Mesopotamia and Egypt were polytheistic, which means what?
They believed in many gods and goddesses.
Why were civilizations like Egypt and Mesopotamia able to get started in the first place?
Farmers produced a surplus of crops to feed lots of people, and people were able to work many different jobs instead of focusing only on gathering enough food to survive.
(2 answers required) These are the TWO rivers which Mesopotamia was built between.
Tigris and Euphrates
An important job in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia was a scribe. What did a scribe do?
Write things down.
The pyramids of Giza are the only wonders of the ancient world still standing today. Why were the pyramids first built?
To help the pharaoh get to the afterlife.
What was the purpose of ziggurats in ancient Mesopotamia?
Built as a temple/house for the gods.
The code of Hammurabi is an early form of what?
Written laws.
This is the fastest way to travel in the ancient world.
By boat.
In ancient civilizations, a person's social class was determined by what?
What job they worked.
Why was cuneiform writing invented in ancient Mesopotamia?
To keep track of trade.
How did people in ancient Mesopotamia try to keep the gods happy?
By making offerings of gifts or food to the gods.
According to king Hammurabi, if someone pokes your eye out, what is the fair punishment for that person?
Their eye gets poked out too.
This is the MAIN reason why early civilizations set up around rivers.
When the rivers flooded, the soil became fertile for growing lots of crops.
What is one way that slaves became slaves in early civilizations like Mesopotamia and Egypt?
By owing a debt, by committing a crime, or being captured in a war.
The Rosetta Stone is useful to historians because it helps them do what?
Translate ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics.
Egyptians believed that the pharaoh was the human version of which god?
Horus, the god of the sky.
Why did Egyptians bury their pharaohs with all of their belongings?
So the pharaohs could use these items in the afterlife.
Name 2 reasons why rivers were so important to early civilizations.
Trade, transportation, farming, fishing, source of drinking water.
The king typically made the laws, but this social class was responsible for enforcing the law.
Government officials.
Papyrus was a reed (plant) that grew next to the Nile River. What did ancient Egyptians make out of papyrus?
Paper.
How did the pharaoh Ahkenaten change Egyptian religion?
He changed it into a monotheistic religion (worship of 1 god).
In ancient Mesopotamia, people believed that the king got their power from where?
The gods.