Population Growth/Decline
CBR-CDR/10
Natural increase rate, rate of natural increase
Stage 1
The number of live births per 1000 people
Crude Birth Rate
Policy that promotes people to have more children.
Pro-natalist policy
Moving into a new country or area.
Immigration
Graph that shows a boom in population starting around 1750.
J-Curve
Stage 2
This calculation shows the carrying capacity of an area, or how mush people the resources in an area can support.
Physiological Density
Ex: China's one child policy
Anti-natalist policy
Moving out of a country or area.
Population pyramid that has more elderly people, compared to younger people.
Shrinking Population
this stage has a falling birth rate, and a falling death rate, the population is increasing but not as fast.
Stage 3
Large amount of babies do not survive past the age of 1, due to poor health care systems for women and children.
High infant mortality rate
This person believed that the earth's population and food supply were growing at different rates, and that we would eventually run out of food to support the population.
Thomas Malthus
Natural disasters, war, persecution, diseases, and famine.
Push Factors
Little to no education/work opportunities for women, lack of access to contraceptives, babies often to not survive long so women tend to have more in hopes they will survive.
Reasons for high birth rate
Reasons why a country might be in stage 4 of the DTM.
Low CBR, and CDR, high life expectancy, population growth is more stable.
When a country is an LDC, has a low level of technology, most of the farming is done by hand so there are more farmers, and there is less food output.
High Agricultural Density
Certain factors have slowed population growth, there are new technologies that have increased efficiency of farming, and there are more ways to preserve food for longer.
Criticisms of Malthusian theory
Jose decided to leave Honduras for a better life. He first goes to Guatemala for a few weeks with family, and then stays in Mexico for a month for work. Then he ends up in the United States living with family.
Step Migration
Good health care system, less diseases/pandemics/epidemics, systems in place to care for the elderly, high life expectancy
Reasons for low death rate
Problems countries in stage 5 of the DTM might experience.
Small work force, high dependency ratio due to elderly dependency, higher taxes to support social security
This type of country has a High birth and death rates, high IMR, high population growth rates, low life expectancy, and a high dependency ratio due to a lot of children.
Less Developed Country
This theory believes that while the world probably won't run out of food, we still need to be cautious about using the earth's resources.
Neo-malthusian theory
Brain Drain