Rhetorical
Appeals
Appeals
What are the three rhetorical appeals? The three ways to persuade/convince?
Name the 7 different techniques of figurative langauge.
Simile, metaphor, personification, idiom, hyperbole, onomatopoeia, alliteration.
"It is beneath my dignity as the so-called ‘King of the Jungle’ to reside at the bottom of a well, situated in a puddle of mud.”
The word dignity comes from the Latin word dignitas, which means “worthy.” Based on this definition and surrounding context, what is the meaning of the word dignity?
A. Wish
B. Size
C. Comfort
D. Rank
D.
What is theme?
Moral, lesson, message.
What is central idea?
What the story is mostly about.
Ethos appeals to what?
Credibility, trust, authority
"Where you going, Jess?" May Belle lifted herself up sleepily from the double bed where she and Joyce Ann slept.
"Sh," he warned. The walls were thin. Momma would be mad as flies in a fruit jar if they woke her up this time of day. He patted May Belle's hair and yanked the twisted sheet up to her small chin. "Just over the cow field," he whispered. May Belle smiled and snuggled down under the sheet.
In italicized is the simile. How does it effect the tone of the passage?
A. It creates an overall playful tone
B. It creates a threatening tone
A.
“As I said before, I am an animal who preys on other animals for sustenance, not because I particularly enjoy it, but because it is simply how I am designed to function.”
Based on the surrounding context, what is most likely the meaning of the word sustenance as it is used in the passage?
A. pride and ego
B. an avoidance of depression
C. nourishment
D. one's livelihood
C
“When I was a racoon, I learned to steal.
Each soul must do the job it is assigned.”
What theme is being developed in the excerpt?
A. Kindness is the secret to getting through difficult times.
B. Only the happiest people know how to connect with nature.
C. All creatures deserve understanding because they can only do what nature commands.
D. Failure is a necessary part of success.
C.
What is the difference between theme and central idea?
Theme is the message of the story. Applies to all.
Central idea is what is specific to the text. Basically a summary of the text in one sentence.
Pathos appeals to...?
Emotions
What is the figurative language used?
The streets were strange and still,
Through the doors of the open churches the organs were moaning shrill.
Personification. Organs cannot shrill. Streets cannot be still.
“At this moment in time, I may be encased in a prison of mud and water, but it won’t be for eternity.”
Which word has the same connotation as the word encased as it is used in the passage?
A. enclosed in close-fitting surroundings
B. frozen in a mud like substance
C. to be forced against one’s will
D. to suffer extreme amounts
A.
What is the theme based on this quotation?
"He did not know in the least what a rude little brute he was...He had lived on a sort of dessert island all his life and... made his own manner."
A. Other people can help us see our faults
B. A secret can make something feel more valuable
A
Our solar system is very large. It includes the eight planets that turn around the sun. These planets include Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. There are also hundreds of thousands of smaller planets in this system. They are called asteroids. Each asteroid is much smaller than any of the eight large planets.
What is the main idea of this text passage?
Our solar system is made up of the Sun, the nine large planets and many asteroids.
Logos appeals to....?
logic, reasoning. Often using numbers.
What is the figurative language used?
After she left, the sun never shined again.
Hyperbole
” Lend me your ears, and I will regale you with the terrible tale of how I ended up in this prison, cast aside and forgotten like a snake’s old skin, no longer honored as King!”
Which definition most closely matches the meaning of the word regale as it is used in this context?
A.to deceive someone by telling them a false tale
B. to lavishly supply someone with food and drink
C. to entertain or amuse someone with talk
D. to inform someone in a humorous way
C.
"We think that books instead of being locked up in cupboards, far from sight of students, should be distributed as widely as possible."
A. Knowledge should be shared.
B. To know something, sometimes you must feel it.
A
In 2016, Vallecito Elementary School in San Rafael, California, became the first U.S. school to replace all of its ordinary desks with raised desks that students stand at. Speaking to a reporter from TIME for Kids magazine, one student at the school gave the standing desks high praise. "You feel happier, you're less tired, and you're more active," she said. According to several studies, children working at standing desks burn more calories and are more focused on tasks. However, some teachers and parents are opposed to the change. They are concerned that standing for long periods of time could cause fatigue, strain on the legs and feet, or posture problems. In addition, standing desks are more expensive than seated desks. Only time will tell whether standing desks will prove to be the next big trend or a failed experiment.
What is the central idea?
There are some benefits to standing desks, but not everyone thinks they are the best.
In “How Smart are Animals?” by Dorothy Hinshaw Patent, the author uses various rhetorical strategies to persuade the reader about animal intelligence.
Which of the following sentences from the text is an example of the use of pathos to appeal to the reader’s emotions?
A. “Villa won the Ken-L Ration Dog Hero of the Year award in 1983 for her bravery, loyalty, and intelligence.” (paragraph 2)
B. “First she licked the girl, then began circling around her, packing down the snow with her paws on the packed snow.” (paragraph 1)
B.
What is the figurative language used?
The sound of your breath is a music of which I will not soon tire
Metaphor
Sedimentary rock forms in layers over time. When the layers form, plant and animal remains can create fossils in the rock. Older rock layers are usually found deeper underground. Unfortunately, movements of Earth's tectonic plates can cause some older layers to appear higher than younger layers. This movement makes determining the age of rocks challenging. However, geologists can use fossils to help them decipher the age of rock layers. This is why fossils are so important.
What is the meaning of decipher?
Figure out.
A CROW perishing with thirst saw a pitcher, and hoping to findwater, flew to it with delight. When he reached it, he discovered to his grief that it contained so little water that he could not possibly get at it. He tried everything he could think of to reach the water, but all his efforts were in vain. At last he collected as many stones as he could carry and dropped them one by one with his beak into the pitcher, until he brought the water within his reach and thus saved his life.
What is the theme?
If at first you don't succeed, try and try again.
Never give up on what you want.
There are many good reasons to learn a second language. A second language can improve your understanding of your native language, open the door to new job opportunities, and help you learn about other cultures. Yet American students are less likely than European students to study foreign languages in school. To address this gap, several states have begun doing more to encourage biliteracy—the ability to read and write in two languages. California, New York, and Illinois are among the states that have passed laws establishing a state "Seal of Biliteracy." A Seal of Biliteracy shows that a student has achieved proficiency in a second language. Supporters of the seals say that they honor the importance of second-language learning. The seals also provide colleges and future employers with evidence of students' abilities.
What is the central idea?
Fewer American students than European students learn a second language, bso some states are promoting the study of foreign languages.